Ionic Bonds
What is an ionic bond?
The electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely charged ions
What is a covalent bond?
A bond formed by the sharing of electrons between atoms.
What is metallic bonding?
The attraction between a lattice of positive metal ions and delocalized electrons.
What does it mean to balance a chemical equation?
Ensuring the number of atoms of each element is equal on both sides of the equation.
What is the typical charge of a halogen ion?
-1
Name two properties of ionic compounds.
High melting and boiling points, and they conduct electricity when molten or dissolved in water.
Draw a dot-cross diagram for a water molecule.
Two hydrogen atoms sharing electrons with one oxygen atom.
Name two properties of metals that result from metallic bonding.
Conductivity and malleability.
Write the balanced equation for the reaction of sodium with chlorine.
2Na + Cl₂ → 2NaCl
Name a property of diamond that results from its giant covalent structure.
Hardness
What is the charge of an ion formed by an alkali metal?
+1.
What is a dative covalent bond?
A bond in which both shared electrons come from the same atom.
What is an alloy?
A mixture of metals or a metal and another element
What is the chemical equation for the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen to form water?
2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O.
Which structure allows graphite to conduct electricity?
Delocalized electrons between layers.
How do you write the formula for a binary compound of magnesium and chlorine?
MgCl₂
Give an example of a molecule with a dative covalent bond.
Why are alloys often harder than pure metals?
The different-sized atoms disrupt the metal lattice, making it harder for layers to slide.
What is the state symbol for a substance dissolved in water?
aq
What is the main component of silica?
Silicon dioxide, SiO₂
What is the formula for a compound containing ammonium and sulfate ions?
NH₄)₂SO₄.
Name two examples of giant covalent structures.
Diamond, Graphite, Graphene, Silicon Dioxide, etc.
Name an alloy and its use.
Answers Vary
Balance this equation: C₃H₈ + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O.
C₃H₈ + 5O₂ → 3CO₂ + 4H₂O.
Why are alloys more resistant to corrosion than pure metals?
The mixture of metals creates a less uniform and less reactive surface.