Ionic and Molecular Compounds
What is the difference between ionic and molecular compounds
Ionic = metal + metal
Molecular = metal + non-metal
What type of reaction is this?
N2 + H2 → NH3
Bonus: what would the opposite reaction be called?
What is synthesis?
The opposite reaction is decomposition:
NH3 → N2 + H2
What are the 2 reactants required for combustion (of any kind) to occur?
Fuel (usually a hydrocarbon), and oxygen (O2)
How many atoms of hydrogen are in the reactants?
NH4OH + HBr → H2O + NH4Br
6 atoms
Is HNO3 an acid or a base?
Acid
Is LiF ionic or molecular, and how do you know?
Ionic- Lithium is a metal, Fluorine is a non-metal
What type of reaction is this?
Pb + Fe(SO4) → Pb(SO4) + Fe
Bonus: can you write the word description for this?
Single displacement
Lead reacts with iron sulfate to produce lead sulfate and iron
What do we call the "fuel" for combustion made up of only hydrogen and carbon atoms?
Bonus: can you name one?
Hydrocarbons: CH4 - Methane, C3H8 - Propane, C4H10 - Butane, C8H18 - Gasoline
Why do we balance chemical equations? (Hint: what law tells us to?)
The law of conservation of mass: matter cannot be created nor destroyed, only rearranged. # of reactant atoms must equal # product atoms
Rank each pH value from very acidic, slightly acidic, slightly basic, to very basic:
13, 5, 9, 1
very acidic = 1, slightly acidic = 5, slightly basic = 9, very basic= 13
Name the following compound: P2N5
Bonus: is this ionic or molecular?
Diphosphorous Pentanitride
Molecular
What type of reaction is this?
MgCl2 + Li2(CO3) → Mg(CO3) + 2LiCl
Bonus: can you write the word description for this?
Double displacement
Word description: magnesium chloride reacts with lithium carbonate to product magnesium carbonate and lithium chloride
What are the 3 products that ALWAYS result from combustion (complete and incomplete)?
Carbon dioxide (CO2), water (H2O), and energy
In this chemical equation, which chemicals are the reactants, and which are the products?
NH4OH + HBr → H2O + NH4Br
Bonus: can you name these?
Reactants: NH4OH and HBr
Ammonium hydroxide and hydrobromic acid
Products: H2O NH4Br
dihydrogen monoxide and ammonium bromide
Name the following acid and base:
HF and KOH
Bonus: if these two were to react, what would they produce?
Hydrofluoric acid and potassium hydroxide
Bonus: Water (H2O) and potassium fluoride (KF)
What are the 7 diatomic molecules?
Bonus: Are these ionic or molecular compounds? What state are they always in?
I Bring Clocks For Our New Home
Iodine (I2), Bromine (Br2), Chlorine (Cl2), Fluorine (F2), Oxygen (O2), Nitrogen (N2), Hydrogen (H2)
Molecular compounds, always in (g) state
List 3 signs/evidence that a chemical reaction/chemical change has occurred.
Color change, heat/light is produced, sound is produced, gas bubbles are produced, precipitate (solid) forms, it's irreversible.
What are the 2 additional products that result from incomplete combustion?
Bonus: which one of these is super dangerous?
Carbon monoxide (CO), and solid carbon (C)
Balance the following chemical equation:
K + O2 → K2O
4K + O2 → 2K2O
If bleach has a pH of 12, and vinegar has a pH of 3, how many more times basic is bleach than vinegar?
vinegar is 1000000000x or 109x more acidic than bleach
What is the correct chemical formula of magnesium hydroxide?
Bonus: is this ionic or molecular? Is it an acid or a base?
Mg(OH)2
ionic & base
What is the main difference between a double displacement reaction and neutralization reaction
Neutralization reactions always have an acid reacting with a base, with water and a salt as the products.
Acid + Base -> Water + Salt
Double displacement reactions are any reaction where two atoms switch partners.
Write out the chemical equation for complete combustion of methane (CH4)
Bonus: balance it
CH4(g) + 2O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2H2O(g) + energy
What are the 4 steps for writing a chemical equation from a word description?
OR
Write the chemical equation for: Hydrogen gas reacts with oxygen gas to form liquid water
(1) Write the correct elements and compounds (2) Write the correct chemical formulas (3) Write the states (4) balance the equation
OR
2H2 + O2 → 2H2O
During ocean acidification, what pollutant in our atmosphere reacts with water?
Bonus: what acid does it turn into when it reacts with water?
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Bonus: carbonic acid (H2CO3)