Basic Terms
Study of reactions involving the nucleus.
What is nuclear chemistry?
Term describing the nucleus of every atom - mass compacted into a very small volume.
What is dense?
The two numbers that are conserved in nuclear reactions.
What is mass number and atomic number?
Amount of decay occurring in a radioactive substance.
What is activity?
Devices used to induce nuclear reactions on an industrial scale (small ones are used in hospitals)
What is a particle accelerator?
Nuclei that tend to spontaneously shed subatomic particles.
What is unstable?
The total mass of individual particles is less than the mass of the sum of the individual particles.
What is the nuclear mass defect?
Type of nuclear decay consisting of two protons & two neutrons and can be stopped by a piece of paper.
What is alpha decay?
Cells are most susceptible to radiation damage during when.
What is dividing or reproducing?
The old units for measuring radiation. (2)
What are the rad and rem?
The phenomenon of energy release from elements and isotopes.
What is radioactivity?
The nuclear mass defect is explained by __?__ having mass.
What is energy?
Type of nuclear decay consisting of high energy electromagnetic waves and can be stopped by a few feet of water, concrete, or earth.
What is gamma radiation?
Two units to measure activity.
What is the becquerel (Bq) and curie (Ci)?
The newer SI units for measuring radiation.
Term for any isotope of any element.
What is a nuclide?
Energy needed to break up a nucleus into component nucleons.
What is nuclear binding energy?
Beta decay consists of a __?__ being converted to a __?__ and releasing a __?__ along with one of its symbols.
What is a neutron changing to a proton and releasing an electron?
Nuclear reactions induced by pelting a sample with other particles.
What is a bombardment reaction?
Radiation units for living things.
What are the rem and Sievert?
The conversion of one nuclide into another in a spontaneous nuclear reaction.
What is radioactive decay?
The more strongly a nucleus is held together, the higher the __?__ __?__ per __?__.
What is the binding energy per nucleon?
The most penetrating type of radiation (goes through earth, concrete) and its symbol.
What is neutron radiation and 0/1 n?
A long series of radioactive nuclides ending in a stable nuclide.
What is a radioactive decay series?
Elements produced by bombardment reactions and found beyond uranium.
What are transuranium elements?