Chemistry Vocabulary!

Modules 1-2

100

Anything that has mass and takes up space

What is matter?

200

Metric unit of energy

What is a joule?

300

The amount of heat necessary to warm one gram of water one degree Celsius

What is a calorie?

400

Energy cannot be created or destroyed. It can only change form.

What is the First Law of Thermodynamics?

500

An object's mass divided by the volume that the object occupies.

What is density?

Modules 3-4

100

Any substance that cannot be decomposed into less massive substances

What is an element?

200

A substance that contains different compounds and/or elements.

What is a mixture?

300

A compound made up of solely nonmetal atoms

What is a covalent compound?

400

Elements in nature that are not composed of individual atoms, rather two atoms which are the same type

What are homonuclear diatomics?

500

Molecules and atoms are in constant motion, and the higher the temperature, the greater their speed.

What is the kinetic theory of matter?

Modules 5-6

100

The mass unit used on the periodic chart

What is atomic mass unit or amu?

200

Relating the quantities of different substances in a chemical equation

What is stoichiometry?

300

When there is more than one reactant in a chemical equation, causing this reactant to run out first, stopping the entire reaction.

What is limiting reactant?

400

(6.02 x 10²³)

What is Avogadro's number or a mole?

500

A reaction in which O₂ is added to a compound containing carbon and hydrogen, producing CO₂ and H₂O.

WHat is complete combustion reaction?

Modules 7-8

100

A specific shape that confines the position of an electron around the nucleus

What are orbitals?

200

Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons

What are isotopes?

300

Most atoms strive to attain eight valence electrons

What is the octet rule?

400

The process by which an atom turns into an ion by gaining or losing electrons

What is ionization?

500

The modern-day model of the atom in which electrons whirl around the nucleus in various paths called orbitals

What is the quantum mechanical model?

Module 9

100

Ions which are formed when a group of atoms gains or loses electrons

What are polyatomic ions?

200

A covalent bond in which the electrons are shared unequally between the atoms involved.

What is a polar bond?

300

Theory that states that molecules will attain whatever shape keeps the valence electrons of the central atom as far apart from one another as possible.

What is VSEPR theory?

400

A covalent bond in which the electrons are shared equally between the atoms involved.

What is a purely covalent bond?

500

A molecular shape in which a central atom is bonded to two other atoms and the bonds are 105 degrees apart.

What is bent?