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How to Count Atoms
Ionic Compounds
Molecular Compounds
Chemical Equations
Acids and Bases
100
The _____ of an element represents one atom of that element.
Symbol
100
Which atoms lose electrons?
Metals.
100
What are molecular compounds made of?
Non-metals.
100
Hydrogen gas and nitrogen monoxide react to form what?
Water and nitrogen gas.
100
Hydrochloric acid can be used as a household product. True or False?
True.
200
A subscript outside a bracket does what?
A subscript outside a bracket multiplies all the elements inside the brackets.
200
Define the term 'ion'.
A charged atom in which the number of elcetrons is different from the number of protons.
200
How do molecular compounds form?
When electrons are shared between two non-metals.
200
What are the three (3) forms of chemical equations?
1. Word Equations 2. Skeleton Equations 3. Balanced Chemical Equations
200
What is an acid?
Acids are a group of molecular compounds that have similar properties when dissolved in water.
300
What is a subscript?
A subcript is a number written at the lower right corner behind the symbol of an element. If there is more than one atom of the element in the molecule, then a subscript is used to indicate the number of atoms.
300
What is Ionic Bonding? Give an example.
Ionic bonding occurs when a metal transfers one or more electrons to a non-metal in an effort to attain a stable octet of electrons. For example, the transfer of an electron from sodium to chlorine can be depicted by a Lewis Dot Diagram.
300
How is a covalent bong formed?
When electrons are shared between two atoms. The combining capacity of a non-metal the number of bonds it will need to form a stable molecule (have a full shell of electrons).
300
Write a word equation using hydrogen and oxygen as the reactants. Explain.
hydrogen + oxygen -> water Hydrogen and oxygen react to form H20 (water).
300
How does a hairdresser use acids and bases to perm hair?
The curling hair solution is a base that softens the hair so it can take the shape of the curlers. After soaking the hair in a base, the hairdresser stops the curling process by squirting a "neutralizer" solution on the hair. This solution contains an acid that reacts with the base to "neutralize" the solution.
400
What is a coefficient?
A coefficient is a number written in front of a chemical symbol that indicates the number of atoms of that element. It also indicates the number of molecules of that compound. A coefficient multiplies the number of atoms of each element in the formula.
400
What are the steps of writing formulas for Ionic Compounds?
1. Write the element symbols with the metal first. 2. Using a periodic table write the ionic charges above each symbol (the charge of the ion when it has a full outer shell of electrons) 3. Criss-cross the numbers only (not the charges) making them subscripts. 4. Write the formula.
400
What are the steps for writing formulas for molecular compounds?
1. Look at the name of the molecular compound. Use the periodic table to find symbols for the elements. 2. Compare the prefixs in the name to the table to determine the number of atoms of each element present. 3. Write in the subscripts, and write the chemical formula. Do not reduce the subscripts!
400
What is a Balanced Chemical Equation?
Balanced chemical equations demonstrate the law of conservation of mass. Each element has the same number of atoms on both sides of the chemical equation. Coefficients show how many units of a substance are involved in the reaction.
400
Where can bases be used?
Some strong bases are used to make cleaning products. For example, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is used to make soap and is also found in drain cleaners.