Chapter 1
how much stuff is inside of a particular material
Mass
What causes one state of matter to change into another? (2 answers)
protons and neutrons (AKA nucleons)
Chemical Reaction vs. Physical Reaction
give both the differences between the 2 and an example of each
chemical reaction is when 2 or more chemical substances interact with each other and the outcome is a different chemical substance
EX: acetone and styrofoam experiment
physical reaction is when there is a physical change that only changes the form or the appearance of a substance; no chemical change takes place
EX: diet coke/mentos
Who is the best Chemistry/Physics teacher EVER?
Mrs. Rusher
Matter has both ________ and ___________
State of matter where atoms are frozen in place?
Solid
What are valence electrons?
electrons located in the outer shell of an atom
Exothermic
A chemical reaction that releases heat energy
a mixture of different metals is an ___________
alloy
Why is mass not always measured by weight?
because objects do not have weight in space, but they do have mass
What is the condensation point?
the temperature at which a gas becomes a liquid
Explain the difference between covalent and ionic bonding
covalent bonds share electrons
ionic bonds give and take electrons
What is the pH of pure water?
7
What is a homogenous mixture?
a well-mixed mixture where the individual parts cannot be seen; milk, toothpaste
how tightly packed matter is in an object
state of matter where the atoms are freely moving about taking up as much space as possible
Gas
______________ is a positively charged ion
______________ is a negatively charged ion
cation is positively charged
anion is negatively charged
Give an example of an acid
lemon juice, stomach acid, battery acid, vinegar
Give an example of solute, solvent and solution
salt, water, salt water
Name 3 properties of matter
mass, volume, density, luster, color, odor, hardness etc
Give the freezing points and boiling points of water in both Fahrenheit and Celsius. (must get all of them right to get points)
Freezing Points - Celsius 0, Fahrenheit 32
Boiling Point - Celsius 100, Fahrenheit 212
Give the charges of protons, neutrons and electrons
(must get all correct to get points)
Protons - positive
Neutrons - neutral
Electrons - negative
a pure chemical substance with 2 or more different elements combined
compound
What is a heterogenous mixture AND give an example?
a mixture where the individual parts can be easily seen; salsa, chocolate chip cookies