Exam 1
Classify each as either a pure substance, homogenous mixture, or heterogenous mixture: vegetable soup, sweet tea, air, sodium chloride.
vegetable soup (heterogenous), sweet tea (homogenous), air (heterogenous), sodium chloride (pure substance)
What is the formula for molarity?
M = moles solute/liters solution
What are the components of the electromagnetic spectrum in order?
Radio, Microwave, Infrared, Visible, Ultraviolet, Xray, Gamma
What is the molecular geometry for a molecule with 2 bonds and 1 lone pair on the central atom?
bent
Calculate how many moles of each reactant can produce moles of the product. The one that produces the least is the limiting.
Classify each as chemical or physical changes: the burning of a match, the melting of an ice cube, the dissolving of sugar in water, and the tarnishing of silver
the burning of a match (chemical), the melting of an ice cube (physical), the dissolving of sugar in water (physical), and the tarnishing of silver (chemical)
Classify each as a strong, weak, or nonelectrolyte: KCl, NH3, C6H12O6, HCl
KCl (strong), NH3 (weak), C6H12O6 (non), HCl (strong)
What is the difference between constructive and destructive wave interference?
Constructive waves align, doubling the amplitude. Destructive waves do not align and destroy the amplitude.
How can you tell if a molecule is polar or nonpolar?
Bond dipole moments- nonpolar moments cancel out, polar do not
What is the equation for dilution?
M1V1=M2V2
How many sig figs should be in the final answer: (18.3-15.6)/2.45
2 sig figs (1.1)
What are the strong acids?
HI, HCl, HBr, HNO3, HClO3, HClO4, H2SO4,
What are the two equations used to calculate how many photos are emitted from a laser beam?
1: E(photon)=hc/wavelength
2: E(laser)/E(photon= number of photons
A molecule has 2 single bonds and 1 double bond off of its central atom. What is its hybridization?
sp2
How can you tell if a reaction is an acid base reaction?
One reactant has a H cation, the other has a OH anion, and one of the products is a salt and the other is water.
Multiplying each of the different isotopes masses by their natural abundance percentage and add.
What is the formula for percent yield?
actual yield/theoretical yield
Which of the following wavelengths has enough energy to strip an electron off a metal surface, but not enough energy to produce extra kinetic energy: 393nm, 520nm, 769nm, 951nm
520nm
What are the 4 properties of gas? What equation aids in finding the relationship between these 4 variables?
pressure, volume, moles, temperature
PV=nRT
How do you calculate the molarity of an unknown solution using the known molarity of another solution that is titrated with it?
Using the known molarity, calculate the moles of the known solution used. Relate this to the moles of the unknown solution using the balanced equation. Divide the number of moles of the unknown solution by the liters of unknown solution to get the molarity of the unknown solution.
How do you convert from atoms to grams?
Divide by Avogadro's # and multiply by molar mass.
What are the signs of q and w if a gas absorbs heat and pushes a piston up?
+q, -w
What is an orbital?
represented by m(sub l), can hold two electrons
How do you calculate the partial pressure of an atom?
Multiply its mole ratio by the total pressure
What is the formula for a problem relating a cool object to a warmer object?
MC(Tf-Ti)= -(MC(Tf-Ti))
hot ^ cold^