Labor & Unions
What did Carey McWilliams say dressing up for the 1937 union meeting symbolized?
An affirmation of individual integrity and self-esteem
Mendez v. Westminster used which Amendment to challenge segregation?
14th
What belief justified U.S. expansion and dispossession?
Manifest Destiny
What did Mexicans call the Great Depression?
La Crisis
What group did Lemon Grove parents form to fight segregation?
El Comité de Vecinos de Lemon Grove
CAWIU aligned itself with which political party?
Communist Party
What 1850 law legalized forced Native indenture?
Act for the Government and Protection of Indians
Where did Nuevomexicanos fight during the Civil War?
Glorietta Pass
Which mutualista focused on health & education for women?
La Cruz Azul
Who was deported during the Red Scare despite being UCAPAWA’s VP?
Luisa Moreno
Which film portrayed Mexican miners in Silver City, NM?
Salt of the Earth (1954)
Which civil rights assembly first convened in 1939?
El Congreso de Pueblos de Habla Española
What U.S. senator opposed Mexican annexation due to racial mixing?
John Calhoun
Why were illiterate Mexican workers allowed in during WWI?
U.S. labor shortages from mobilization
What civil rights org focused on citizenship & assimilation?
LULAC
After CAWIU’s collapse, what nationalist union did Mexican workers join?
CUCOM
The 1849 California Constitution limited voting to?
White Male Citizens
What was the land price in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?
$15 million & $3.5 million in claims
Who was Emma Tenayuca, also known as “La Pasionaria”?
A Workers’ Alliance leader and Communist Party secretary
What is the key difference between mutualistas and unions?
Unions = labor focused, more formal; Mutualistas = community welfare, grassroots, often led by women
Why were Mexican women seen as militant labor organizers during the Depression?
Their leadership in demanding better conditions and resisting both racial and gendered oppression
What racial classification system was used in Spanish colonies?
Casta system
What law forced re-proving of Mexican land grants in California?
California Land Act of 1851
What laws explore racial dispossession during the Gold Rush?
Foreign Miners’ Tax and Land Act of 1851
What were the difference between LULAC and El Congreso?
Contrast on immigrant rights, working-class focus, vs. assimilation and respectability politics