Teaching and Learning
Cultures differ in what is valued; educational practices differ between and within nations
What is Schooling Worldwide
National Assessment of Educational Progress
What is NAEP?
Compares human thinking processes, by analogy, to computer analysis of data
What is information-processing theory?
builds during middle childhood with development of logical, concrete operational thinking; enables use of prefixes, suffixes, compound words, phrases, metaphors, and meanings of never-heard words
What is vocabualary?
The ability to reason logically about direct experiences and perceptions
What is concrete operational thought?
Unoffical, unstated, or implicit patterns within a school that influence what children learn
What is the hidden curriculum?
What are ten controversial issues?
found that there is a gradual accrual of math understanding; cultural influences of practice specifics
What is segular's math research?
Ability to use words and devices to communicate in various contexts; allows children to change formal and informal linguistic codes to fit audiences
What is pragmatics?
Involves organization of things into groups according to some common characteristic
What is classification?
Trends in Math and science study
What is TIMSS?
Provides most funding and guidelines in the United States education
What are local districts?
Body of knowledge in a particular area that makes it easier to master related new information
What is Knowledge base?
This is associated with smaller vocabularies, simpler vocabularies, and impaired grammar
What is Low-Socioeconamic status?
Includes knowledge that things can be arranged in logical series; tied to many practical applications
What is seriation?
creation of equally valid questions, inclusion or introduction of differant concepts at differant ages, and cultrual bias are examples of this
What are problems with international comparison?
Progress in International Reading and Literacy Study
What is PIRLS?
Requires the brain to organize, prioritize, and direct mental operations; metacognition and metamemory
What are control processes?
These occur when children speak one language at home and anouther at school
What are code changes?
related to cognitive advances; ability to inhibit one language while learning anouther
What is learning two languages?
Persistance and Effort
What is grit?
Programme for International Student Learning
What is PISA?
People are like these when they sense and perceive large amounts of information, seek specific units of information, analyze, and express their conclusions so anouther can understand
What are computers?
Learning a language by surrounding yourself with it
What is Immersion?
English language learners
What is ELLs?