A child's brain develops from low-high thus motor control emerges from head to toe and from center (trunk) to peripheral (fingers).
What is Cephalocaudal and Proximodistal brain development?
100
An existing connection (a concept or information a child already knows) within the brain is stimulated with new information. A new connection/network is formed in the brain and the child has learned something new
What is synaptic proliferation?
100
The dying off of cells and connections due to lack of use.
What is pruning?
100
The lower part of the brain is fairly developed at birth and the higher portion of the brain develops as children grow and mature.
What is the brainstem and the cortical regions of the brain?
100
The time between the ages of birth to 12 years.
What is the critical period of language acquisition?
200
The most rapid brain and body growth occur during what periods?
What is the prenatal period and the first year of life?
200
The 4 major concepts of cognitive development.
What are memory, problem solving, reasoning, theory of the mind?
200
From 3-6 years of age is the optimal time for the development of social foundations essential for a life time of learning social competence.
What is the sensitive period of social development?
200
Constitutionally based individual differences in emotional, motor, and attentional reactivity and self-regulation.
What is temperament?
200
These are the 2 general categories of language.
What is receptive and expressive language?
300
Vision, hearing, smelling, tasting and touching make up this system in a child.
What is the sensory system?
300
As a child's problem solving skills develop they begin to apply cause -and- effect relationships as well as ask themselves questions like "What will happen if..?"
What is exploration and experimentation?
300
This difficult task begins in infancy and improves as the child matures. The child learns to control and monitor emotional responses in order to initiate or extend a social experience in an appropriate way.
What is emotional regulation or self regulation?
300
These are the 4 core emotions from which all other emotions will develop.
What are joy, anger, sadness, and fear?
300
The age at which the first words appear.
What is the age of 10-16 months?
400
During infancy, the baby's movement is involuntary and primarily to gather information or seek nourishment.
What are reflexes?
400
A child understands that the amount of something stays the same even when the shape of it changes.
What is conservation?
400
This provides the arena for children to develop social skills such as turn taking, cooperation, developing empathy, and beginning to share. It is essential for the development of other areas of development.
What is social play?
400
A child who stops to help pick of papers dropped by another person is showing kindness and the capacity to have empathy.
What is emotional competence?
400
Understanding the rules of language.
What is grammatical development?
500
By this age, a child will have enough fine motor skill to zip, copy simple shapes, and use a pincer grasp.
What is 3-4 years old?
500
This is essential to the development of cognition in children.
What is play?
500
Children make qualitative shifts that reflect changes in social competencies for toddlers through preschoolers and beyond. These descriptors identify how a child is progressing towards social competence.
What are the levels of social play?
parallel play =
parallel aware play =
simple social play =
complementary and reciprocal play =
cooperative social pretend play =
complex social pretend play =
500
Self evaluation will influence the child's identification of his or her own gender, age, physical features and competences.
What is categorical self?
500
The 4 components of language.
What is phonology, semantics, syntax, and pragmatics?