Baby on Board
Paralinguistic features of this type of speech include high overall pitch, exaggerated pitch contours, and slower tempo.
Infant-directed speech
This form of gesture is one that indicates a precise referent and has a stable meaning across different contexts, such as waving "bye bye".
Referential gesture
The ability to use this form of language is vital for success in school because concepts and events outside the classroom are often the focus of instruction.
Decontextualized language
Starting around 8-10 years, children shift to getting more of their language from this input.
Text
Toddlers' ability to pick up words after only a few incidental exposures or even a single exposure is called this.
Fast mapping
Caregiver ___________ is linked to the time at which infants reach important language milestones, including saying their first word.
Responsiveness
This term describes the age by which 50% of children can produce a given sound in multiple positions in words in an adultlike way.
Customary age of production
The earliest period of learning about reading and writing is called ____________.
Emergent literacy
The ability to segment words in onset rime segments and individual phonemes is most closely related to children's awareness of spelling sequences in words and this form of development.
Reading
Toddlers from low socioeconomic backgrounds have shorter or longer mean length of utterances.
Shorter MLU's
This form of assessment involves systematically observing and analyzing an infant's communicative behavior in everyday situations.
Naturalistic observation
Systemic rule-governed patterns that characterize toddlers' speech.
Phonological processes
This is the ability to view language as an object of attention.
Metalinguistics
This is the most complex phonological awareness ability and does not develop until around age 7 years.
Sound manipulation
By this age, infants learn that their noncry vocalization elicit reactions from social partners.
5 months
This form of babbling consists of repeating C-V pairs, as in "ma ma ma".
Reduplicated babbling
This principle states that words symbolize objects, actions, events, and concepts.
Reference
This is a spoken or written description of a real or fictional event.
Narrative
A form of figurative language that refers to a specific individual's failure to meet an expectation.
Sarcasm
The interval between the release of a stop consonant and the onset of vocal fold vibration.
Voice Onset Time
This form of babbling contains at least two syllables and at least two different consonants and vowels, as well as varied stress or intonation patterns.
Jargon
This is a developmental time frame during which language abilities are emerging and changing.
Transitional period
During this age group phonological processes are suppressed the fastest.
Ages 3-4
Women tend to use these strategies more than men in conversational speech.
Politeness strategies
This form of perception allows listeners to distinguish between phonemes so they can quickly and efficiently process incoming speech by ignoring those variations that are nonessential or nonmeaningful in their language.
Categorical perception