Growing Bodies (Ch 7)
The large muscles used for running, jumping, and climbing power
What are gross motor skills?
Repeated bed-wetting after age 5.
What is enuresis?
“My teddy bear is sad and tired.” Giving objects lifelike qualities.
What is animism?
Erikson’s psychosocial development stage for ages 3 to 5.
What is initiative vs. guilt?
Baumrind’s parenting style that is high in warmth and high in demands.
What is authoritative?
Too much milk can cause this, because calcium blocks iron absorption.
What is iron deficiency?
The leading cause of fatal injury for children ages 1 to 4.
What is drowning?
A child says, “I goed to the store,” applying a grammar rule too broadly.
What is overregularization?
How we judge our own worth.
What is self-esteem?
Baumrind’s parenting style that says, “Because I said so,” with strict obedience and little warmth.
What is authoritarian?
DAILY DOUBLE. The brain area behind the forehead that helps children control emotion and follow game rules.
What is the prefrontal cortex?
A child wakes up screaming in stage 3 NREM sleep, and the episode can last up to 10 minutes.
What is a sleep terror?
Piaget’s stage for ages 2 to 7, when children think in symbols and love pretend play but are not yet logical thinkers.
What is the preoperational stage?
Cooley’s idea that we build our self-concept from how others seem to see us.
What is the looking-glass self?
Two children paint side by side with similar paints, without talking to each other.
What is parallel play?
From ages 2 to 6, children grow about this much taller each year.
What is 3 inches?
Staying dry for 2 hours, disliking wet diapers, and telling a caregiver they need to go are signs of this.
What is toilet training readiness?
Vygotsky’s name for the space between what a child can do alone and what the child can do with help from an adult or a more capable peer.
What is the zone of proximal development?
A child waits for two stickers later instead of one sticker now.
What is delayed gratification?
DAILY DOUBLE. Lemasters and DeFrain’s favored style: teaches strategies, gives feedback, and applies rules consistently.
What is the athletic coach?
By age 6, the brain reaches about this percent of its adult weight.
What is 95 percent?
Children should scrub their hands with soap for at least this many seconds.
What is 20 seconds?
The ability to think about other people’s thoughts, which the Sally-Anne false-belief task tests.
What is theory of mind?
Knowing that gender stays the same when clothes or hair change.
What is gender constancy?
Gershoff and Grogan-Kaylor (2016) linked spanking to more of this.
What is aggression?