People
This man thought developmentally disabled children could learn
Jean Marc Itard (Wild Boy of Aveyron)
Alfred Binet
An explosion of interest in the study and treament of children occurred in
1970s
Current prevalence of autism
1 in 44
ID comorbidity article
30-50%. Rate of mental disorder is significantly higher in this group
This man thought that children are innately pure but through man could become evil
Psychiatrist who led the child guidance movement
William Healy
Diagnoses combine these 2 models to rate intensity of a disorder and related dysfunction
Categorical and dimensional
The DSM-5-TR changed to this model instead of the model used in the DSM-5
Dimensional from categorical
Changes in DSM-5 article
1. Aimed to reduce false positives
2. Some groups would no longer meet new criteria (e.g., young children and those with milder symptoms)
Tabula rasa was coined by
John Locke
Who was known for working with deaf and blind children
Samuel Howe
The first evidence based version of the DSM
DSM-III
Reasoning, problem solving, planning, abstract thinking
Self injury article
an enriched environment (physical and social characteristics) may reduce self injurious behaviors
Who was the first American psychiatrist
Benjamin Rush
The Isle of Wight study looked at mental disorders in children and was studied by
Michael Rutter
Autism is characterized by
1. impairments in social communication/social interaction
2. presence of restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities
The three criteria for intellectual developmental disorder are
1. deficits in intellectual functioning
2. deficits in adaptive functioning
3. present before adulthood
Psychotropic medication article
Groups with ID are the most medicated. Its used to treat challenging behaviors. Inconclusive evidence that they are actually effective in reducing challenging behaviors
First to coin the term "autism"
Blueler
Founder of clinical and school psychology
Lightner Witmer. Developed first psychological clinic for kids in the US
Key difference in categorical and dimensional diagnostic models
Categorical follows the belief that disorders are separate and distinct. Dimensional follows the belief that disorders fall along a continuum
Stereotypic movement disorder is characterized by
1. nonfunctional repetitive motor movements
2. behaviors interferes with social, academic, etc. functioning
3. may or may not include self injurious behaviors
Race and ASD article
1. In late childhood, white kids likely to receive diagnosis for milder symptoms and black kids had more severe symptoms
2. Black kids were also more likely to be misdiagnosed (less readily recognized as ASD)