Show:
Significant Events
Importance
Position
Domestic Policy
Foreign Policy
100
What was the name of the president put out of power by the coup, and what was the name of the man who took his place?
Allende was overthrown, Pinochet took his place as leader of Chile
100
What was the significance of the US/CIA overthrow of Allende in the Cold War?
US saw Chile as a temporary victory in the Cold War against the USSR
100
Which leader was a communist, and which one was supported by the US?
Communist: Allende Supported by US: Pinochet
100
What was the Popular Action Front?
The FRAP was the coalition of two left-wing parties (Socialist and Communist Party)
100
What group did Chile eventually separate from and lessen their relations with towards the end of the Cold War?
The Andean Group
200
Discuss what occurred at the Chilean national stadium.
Pinochet's enemies/ people viewed as threats or leftists kept in stadium and some were tortured while others executed
200
What did every country in Latin America think about the US?
The US involvement in overthrowing leaders such as Allende angered people all over Latin America, since they didn't want US controlling their government and economy
200
Whom did the majority of the Chilean citizens support?
Allende
200
What did the “Ley Maldita” (Law of Permanent Defense of Democracy) enforce?
It outlawed the Communist Party of Chile
200
What country and leader did Allende attempt to develop close relations with?
Cuba and Castro
300
List at least two companies that would have NOT benefited with Allende's presidency, what did they do about this?
Anaconda Copper, ITT --> spearheaded attempts to stop Allende from assuming office, appealed to the U.S
300
What did the 1973 coup in Chile show about the US ambition in the Cold War?
They were desperate to stop the spread of communism in Latin America
300
What did Kissinger think about Allende?
Kissinger believed that Allende was even more dangerous than Castro: “Allende was a living example of democratic social reform in Latin America”
300
What was Chilenizacion del cobre?
It was the process of nationalizing the copper mining industries in Chile
300
What countries did Chile’s foreign policies involve during the 1960s?
Mainly extending to the countries around it in Latin America
400
What was one method of destabilizing the Chile (and their economy) and what was its significance. *hint: food transport?*
Getting the truck drivers to go on strike
400
What were the two exports that made Chile significant in the region during the Cold War?
Nitrate and Copper Exports
400
What was the working classes reaction to the changes in the market during Alessandri's presidency?
Alessandri caused the Chilean market to be overwhelmed by American products Working classes were angered as Alessandri lowered their wages → In the 1961 congressional elections, they sent the message that laissez-faire policies were not desired (since they actually just made Chile more dependent on the US)
400
What was the purpose of the Vuskovic Plan?
The plan aimed to stabilize the economy and lower the inflation rates
400
How did the US’s removal of Allende change Chile’s foreign policies?
They became less involved with other Latin American Nations around them
500
What were the chicago boys policies, and what did they cause
Removal of price controls, sale of state companies, removal of import barriers, and cuts to government expenditure → did not work. 1 year later inflation at 375% per year Later plan: shock treatment, free market, benefit rich at expense of poor (calculated poor would spend 70% income on bread) → millions impoverished
500
How do you think Chile represents the countries in Latin America that were influenced by the US government or CIA?
Open to interpretation.
500
In what two presidential elections were the US successful in preventing Allende from winning?
1958 and 1964 Presidential Elections
500
What was one thing that President Alessandri did to improve the economy?
He supported Western beliefs and allowed foreign investment, lowering the inflation rate
500
What happened to Chile during Pinochet’s dictatorship?
During the Pinochet dictatorship the country became much more isolated as they failed to accept many of the Andean Group’s policies leading them to mainly sticking to the US’s extensive support of the government and military