Prior to Chinese Civil War
After the fall of Nanjing in 1937, the Nationalist government moved its capital to this inland city, which became the center of Chinese resistance against Japan throughout most of World War II. What city was it?
What is Chongqing?
Which political party did Mao start and support in China?
What is the Communist Party
In October 1949, Mao Zedong stood atop Tiananmen Gate and declared the founding of this new Chinese state. What was it called?
What is the People’s Republic of China
Beginning in 1950, this nationwide campaign targeted former Nationalists, local leaders, and anyone suspected of resisting the new regime. What was this campaign called?
What is the Campaign to Suppress Counterrevolutionaries?
In 1945, the US bombed 2 cities in Japan. What were they?
What is Hiroshima and Nagasaki?
Mao Zedong was the leader of the Communist party and this individual was the leader of the Nationalist party during the Chinese Civil War. Who was he?
Who was Chiang Kai Shek?
One key reason for the CCP’s victory in 1949 was its popular land reform program, which promised this major benefit to millions of poor rural peasants.
What is the redistribution of land (from landlords to peasants)?
Who was the president of the PRC?
Who was Mao Zedong?
This limited women's movements to satisfy men's desires in a patriarchal society. What was it called it?
What is Footbinding
If this did not occur, Chiang Kai-Shek and the Nationalist could have possibly eliminated the Communist Party. What was this called?
What is the Long March
During Phase 2 of the Civil War, Mao emphasized this military strategy—summed up as “lure the enemy in deep”—which allowed the CCP to stretch Nationalist supply lines and launch counteroffensives when conditions favored them. What was this strategy/tactic called?
What is guerrilla warfare?
Chiang Kai-Shek and the Nationalist Party fought Mao Zedong and the Communist army, name what the Communist army was called
What is the People's liberation army?
Judicial, Executive, Legislative
In 1937, after escalating tensions near Beijing, this brief clash at a bridge southwest of the city sparked Japan’s full-scale invasion of China and marked the true beginning of the Second Sino-Japanese War. What was it?
What is the Marco Polo Bridge Incident?
In 1948, Communist forces won this decisive battle in Manchuria, destroying the Nationalist armies there and securing control of the Northeast—one of the three major campaigns that sealed the CCP’s victory. What was the campaign called?
What is the Liaoshen Campaign?
Mao's major reform allowed numerical advantage in phase 2 of the Civil War. What was it?
What is land Reform.
After their defeat in 1949, Chiang Kai-shek and the Nationalist government retreated to this island. What is it called?
What is Taiwan?
During 1951–52, the CCP launched two urban campaigns — one targeting corrupt cadres and the other attacking businessmen for crimes like bribery and tax evasion. What were these campaigns called?
What are the Three-Antis and Five-Antis Campaigns?
This 1934–1935 strategic retreat, covering over 6,000 miles, allowed the Chinese Communists to evade Nationalist encirclement and ultimately helped elevate Mao Zedong as the party’s dominant leader. What was this called?
What is the long March?
Why were the Communist and Nationalist fighting during the Chinese Civil War?
What is answers may vary. The two sides differed on how the Chinese government should run. Communist believed in a Communist political system, while the Nationalist believed in Capitalism.
During Phase 2 of the Chinese Civil War, these two opposing political visions drove the conflict: one side sought a centralized, U.S.-backed republican state, while the other aimed to expand its liberated base areas through land reform and a peasant-based revolutionary government. Name the two sides and their wartime goals.
Who are the Nationalists (KMT), seeking to reestablish a unified centralized republic, and the Communists (CCP), seeking to expand revolutionary control through land reform and peasant mobilization?
Beyond military victories, the CCP’s rise in 1949 was secured through this political strategy, which unified diverse social groups by blending Marxism with Chinese realities—emphasizing mass participation, rectification campaigns, and ideological “correct lines.” What was this ideology called?
What is Mao’s strategy of “Sinified Marxism” (or “Maoism”)?
In the early 1950s, the CCP used mass campaigns to change everyday behavior. What was one example called on citizens to improve public health by doing this to a common household pest?
What is killing (or swatting) flies?