Words
Physical Objects
What words have few cultural differences among languages?
Definition of Syntax
What is the study of rules for the formation of grammatical sentences and phrases?
A Relative Clause
What is a dependent clause that has a subject and a verb--and gives more information about a noun--but can't stand alone as a sentence?
"Birthday"
What is "shēngrì"?
The # of Chinese Tones
What is four (plus the neutral for 5 is ok, too)?
Martha
What is a name that includes a sound which doesn't exist in Chinese: "Martha", pronounced "Mǎshā" in Chinese.
Basic Word Order
What is subject, word, object?
Relative Pronoun
What substitutes for a noun, a noun phrase, or a pronoun when sentences are combined? What is that, which, who, whom, whose? What words do not exist in Chinese?
"Tuesday"
What is "Xīngqī èr，星期二" ?
Monosyllabic vs. Polysyllabic
What is one word, one character, one syllable versus one word with several syllables?
Individualism
What are abstract words with many differences across cultures?
Topic-Comment
What is a key type of sentence in Chinese that allows the object of the verb to be brought to the front to serve as the "topic" of the sentence with the rest of the sentence functioning as a "comment" on it?
RBD vs. LBD
What is Right-branching Direction Language, like English, in which the modifying clause is usually placed to the right of the modified one versus a Left-branching Direction Language, like Chinese, with the modifying clause placed to the left of the modified one?
"March 18"
What is sān yuè shíbā hào, 三月十八号?
"Sì shì sì, shí shì shí, shísì shì shísì, sìshí shì sìshí"?
What is a Chinese tongue-twister (rào kǒu lìng, 绕口令? What is "four is four, ten is ten, fourteen is fourteen, forty is forty ..."?
Mànzǒu, 慢走
What is translated to mean "walk slowly" and has an undertone of "have a safe journey"?
Hypotaxis vs. Parataxis
What is a language like English that has the syntactic subordination of one clause to another through link words or connectors vs what is a language like Chinese that does not require syntactic subordination of one clause to another?
An Adverbial Clause
What is a group of words that, together, function as an adverb, describes or modifies a verb, adjective or another adverb, and is always a dependent clause?
“February 22, 2022”
What is èrlíngèrèr nián èr yuè èrshíèr hào, 二零二二年二月二十二号？
Untranslatable
What is sound and pronunciation when they become part of the central meaning of the text? What is a paratactic language that emphasizes rhythm and rhyme/imagery vs. a hypotactic language that emphasizes logic? What is Chinese vs. English?
Huángsè 黄色
What is the color Yellow? What is a color that connotes red light districts, X-rated, adult content material?
What is the theory that the language you speak influences the way you think?
Xīnlái de nà wèi lǎoshi
新来的那位老师
What is "that new teacher" or "that teacher who has newly arrived"?
"When is your birthday?"
What is "Nǐ de shēngrì shì jǐ yuè jǐ hào， 你的生日是几月几号?"
Kěkǒukělè, 可口可乐
What is a transliterated word which renders the sound of Coca-Cola, or Coke, name of an American beverage product?