Questions pt. 1
Name the properties of a mineral.
1. Streak
2. Fluorescence
3. Crystal structure
4. Cleavage
5. Hardness
6. Luster
What is graphite used for?
pencils
-forms in layers
-common at the earth's surface
-contains fossils
The surface of the earth is made up of what and which float on what that equals?
The earth is made up of the crust and upper mantle which 'float' on the soft rock= Lithosphere
What people do now to conserve soil?
-plant in strips of deep rooted plants next to the shallow roots
-use contour plowing to keep water from carrying away the soil
-also plant a wind break to keep wind from blowing the soil (basically trees)
(All should know)
"Sometimes the color of the streak is different than the mineral" Name an example of that.
Pyrite- gold color but a greenish-blue streak
What is used to cut rock?
corundum (like sandpaper)
Fine particles=
Medium particles=
coarse particles=
Fine particles= shale
Medium particles= sandstone
coarse particles= conglomerate
What are two facts about Sed. Meta. and Ign. rock?
2. PLates move apart + allow magma to rise to the surface; cools and forms igneous
How is a rock different from a mineral?
A rock is made up of one or more minerals
"Fluorescence glows under ultra-violet light" Name an example.
Calcite (or Fluorite)
Diamonds form in _____
calcite forms in ______
mantle, crust
FILL IN THE BLANK: _____ ____ when in contact w/ ________
vinegar bubbles, limestone
What does soil contain?
contains nitrogen and phosphorus which helps plants grow
What is the most useful property to identifying a mineral
hardness
"Cleavage is the break of a mineral along a plane or cleave, parallel to crystal faces" Name an example.
Mica- breaks easily + the same direction
FILL IN THE BLANK: In ____ when water _____ in ____ _____
caves, evaporates, limestone caves
FILL IN THE BLANK: Lanscape is constantly ________. Changes in _____ and can take ______ or ______ of years; but any ___ can become another ____ of ____
changing, rocks, thousands, millions, rock, kind, rock
The type of soil shows what it has . . .
Red Soil=
Dark Soil=
Gray Soil=
Red Soil= iron
Dark Soil= humus
Gray Soil= little iron or oxygen
What soil layer contains the most humus?
Top soil
What is the softest and hardest mineral?
Softest: Talc (was used as baby powder)
Hardest: Diamond (used in jewelry)
Igneous rock is formed by what and how?
by crystalization; when magma is pushed up from the mantle to the crust when cooler temperatures cause the magma + hardens into the rock
FILL IN THE BLANK: When three plates ______; all three rock types are _______
collide, formed
How does the Dust Bowl Happen?
-deeped rooted grasses we're plowed under shallow rooted crops were plantes
-live stock overgrazed the land
- not enough plantss to hold the soil in place so it blew away during windstorms
(first two are to know)
A farm field has a row of tall trees bordering its eastern edge. What is the most likely reason the farmer planted these trees?
to prevent soil blowing off the field