Sin
A word, deed, or intention by which man deliberately and voluntarily offends against the true order of things aka God
What is Sin?
Responsibility for a fault or wrong; blame.
What is culpability?
Kicking a friend is this type of sin (mortal or venial)
What is a venial sin?
The standards by which we judge actions to be good or evil.
What is morality?
A rational being, comprised of body and soul, designed for happiness.
What is a human person?
Any action that results from a deliberate choice between good and evil or between different degrees of goodness
What is the Moral Act?
Sins opposed to secondary values such as honor, truth, property etc. or are sins that are committed without full knowledge of their seriousness or without full consent of the will
What are Venial Sins?
Three criteria for analyzing the morality of an action.
What is the object, the intention, and the circumstances?
A drug addiction is an example of this factor that plays into the morality of an action
What is inordinate attachment?
An ordinance of reason that exists for the common good and is affirmed by legitimate authority through an official process
What is Law?
Our thoughts, words, deeds
What are actions?
Why a person commits an action.
What is the intention?
It has to have Full Knowledge, Complete Consent, and Grave Matter.
What is Mortal Sin?
When analyzing actions this carries the most weight.
What is the object?
Not noticing someone hurt in the hallway and thus not being able to help them.
What is inadvertence?
The practical judgment of right reason made by the intellect regarding the good or evil of a particular act in light of objective moral standards
What is conscience?
The sum total of the learned behavior of a group of people, generally considered to be the tradition of that people and transmitted from generation to generation; The Personality of a society.
What is culture?
An act that reaches beyond the heart and mind
What is an external act?
Sins by means of failure to commit a good act.
What are sins of Omission?
Deliberate cooperation in an evil action or practice.
What is Formal Cooperation in Evil?
Allowing for disability for those individuals in a society that cannot work.
What is equality in proportion?
Claims that our actions are good or evil independently of what we think about them
What is Objective Morality?
The doctrine that knowledge, truth, and morality exist in relation to culture, society, or historical context, and are not absolute.
Relativism
Not noticing something.
What is inadvertence?
A sin by means of committing an evil act.
What is a sin of commission?
An action that has a role to play in the accomplishment of the evil deed but lacks the deliberate consent to that same cooperative action
What is Material Cooperation in Evil?
In a group of bank robbers, the person who is the “mastermind” aka, the one who plans the robbery but does not participate.
What is implicit formal cooperation in evil?
A false ethical system that deduces the moral value of an act from the proportion between the action’s good and evil effects
“A habitual and firm disposition to do the good”
What is Virtue?
Desire for something that goes beyond reason.
What is inordinate attachment?
The criteria for a sin to be considered mortal.
What are: 1. Full knowledge, 2. Full Consent, 3. Grave Matter?
Does not involve a direct participation in the evil deed, but rather identifies with the sinful actions by willfully facilitating them.
What is Implicit Formal Cooperation in Evil?
Error in Moral Theology: The dropping the Atomic bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki can be judged as either morally acceptable because it ended the war or morally evil because of the loss of life.
What is proportionalism?
A false ethical system that maintains that the goodness or evil of a given action is determined solely by the particular situation
What is Situation Ethics?
The burden of the law’s fulfillment must be shared by all members of society—not just by some alone—while taking into consideration the capacities and limitations of the individual members of society.
What is Equality in Proportion.
Those actions that are opposed to the will of God or proper human fulfillment; they are morally evil, independently of any circumstance or situation- acts that one can never do!
What is intrinsic evil?