Chromosome Compaction
This is the main reason compaction is simpler in prokaryotes.
A single, circular chromosome.
The bacterial chromosome is found in this cell region.
nucleoid
One less chromosome in the genome
monosomy
Loss of a chromosomes
Deletion
This form of Down Syndrome occurs as a result of a translocation of chromosome 21 to chromosome 14.
Familial Down Syndrome
The first level of compaction in bacteria.
Loop domains
These regions are the nontranscribed DNA sequences between genes in bacteria.
intergenic regions
2n + 1 (specific)
Trisomy
Duplications often result from errors in this, which occurs during meiosis I.
Crossing over
Transcriptionally inactive chromatin.
heterochromatin
The level of compaction associated with the 30-nm fiber is dependent on this protein.
Histone H1
This region of the DNA is where kinetochore proteins will bind.
Centromere
Triploid individuals will have this reproductive consequence.
Sterile
Exchange of chromosome pieces between two nonhomologous chromosomes.
Reciprocal translocation
This enzyme is responsible for relieving negative supercoiling in bacteria.
Topoisomerase I
These proteins in the nucleus bind to the chromosomes to form radial loops.
nuclear matrix fibers
Genes for rRNA and histone proteins are an example of these kind of sequences in eukaryotes.
Moderately repetitive
Hybridization between two related species and subsequent chromosome duplication.
Allopolyploidy
Following a pericentric inversion, a gene has been moved from its regulatory sequence and silenced due to this phenotypic effect.
Position effect
Nondisjunction in meiosis II results in these gametic consequences.
50% normal, 50% abnormal gametes
When the tails of histone proteins are modified, it has this affect on nucleosome formation.
Histones will not bind the DNA, and a nucleosome will not form.
Facultative heterochromatin
The term use to describe chromosome pairs that result following a homoploid hybridization.
Homeologous chromosomes
The reason inversions and translocations typically do not have phenotypic consequences.
The total amount of genetic material does not change.
The STRUCTURE analysis performed on Stephanomeria diegensis provided evidence for this.
A homoploid hybrid origin between S. exigua and S. virgata.