Geriatrics
What are Primary preventions?
Prevent behaviors
(diet, stop smoking)
what are social support groups for older adults? (3)
primary: family caregivers
Semi Formal lvl of support: religious organizations, clubs
Formal systems of support: social welfare agencies, Gov't agencies
What is protooncogenes?
Normal genes that regulate cell growth and division
what is Hyperplasia?
increase in number of cells.
what does CAUTION stand for with detection of cancer?
C: change in bowel or bladder habits
A: a sore that does not heal
U: unusual bleeding or discharge
T: Thickening or lump in breast or elsewhere
I: Indigestion or dysphagia
O: Obvious change in wart or mole
N: Nagging cough or hoarseness
What are secondary preventions?
Screens/scans
(early detections w/ultrasounds, scopes, scans & routine blood work)
what are the types of elder mistreatment? (7)
Abandonment, Financial Abuse, Neglect, Physical Abuse, Psychologic Abuse, Sexual Abuse, Violation of Personal Rights
What are Antioncogene?
Tumor suppressor genes
Protect cells and regulate cell growth
what is Dysplasia?
abnormality of cells
What is antineoplastic therapy?
Chemotherapy
What are tertiary preventions?
Treatment
(control or slow down progression of disease & prevent additional complications)
Medicare vs Medicaid
Medicare: federal funded insurance for ppl > 65
Medicaid: state insurance for low-income
what are oncogenes?
change normal cells to cancer/malignant ones.
what is in situ cancer?
Initial start of cancer tumor
Can Chemo therapy be put in normal IV line?
No, Chemo is either oral or CVAD as through in IV line can cause damage to vein as well as cause necrosis to extremity.
Mental Declines during aging?
SHORT - Term recall
mental performance speed
synthesis of new information
Fluid intelligence (able to think logically and solve problems in new situations)
what is defective cell proliferation?
growth
what are the inherited harmful mutation gene?
positive results = BRACA 1 &2
what is Angiogenesis?
development of new blood vessels
what is external beam radiation called?
What is internal radiation called?
what tumors can they treat?
can it treat systemic cancers?
teletherapy
brachytherapy
primary tumors
No, cannot treat leukemia or lymphatic cancer
Constant/ no changes with aging?
Long - term recall memeory
What is defective cell differentiation?
Maturity and specialization
what is the process of cancer development?
(3 stages)
Initiation: Mutation of cells
Promotion: division of cells, increase in altered cell population
Progression: increased growth rate, invasiveness and metastasis
what is sentinel lymph node?
first node confronted as tumor cells spread through the lymphatic system.
What are the radiation precautions?
limit time in room (30 min. MAX and 6 ft.)
flush 2-3 times
No pregnant visitors
use shield and dosimeter
linen goes in lead lined container IN THE RM.