Chemistry
Explain why atoms are electrically neutral
equal number of protons and electrons
Name the 4 macromolecules and their corresponding monomer.
Carb - monosaccharide
Lipid - Fatty Acid
Nucleic Acid - Nucleotide
Protein - Amino Acid
Organelle responsible for synthesizing oils, phospholipids, and steroids.
Smooth ER
Red blood cell = 0.13 M NaCl
Seawater = 0.40 M NaCl
What will happen if red blood cells are transferred to seawater?
Water will leave the cells, shrivel/collapse
When a molecule of NAD+ gains a hydrogen atom, the molecule becomes oxidized/reduced.
reduced
An atom that has gained or lost neutrons
Isotope
Define (using words and/or images): Dehydration Synthesis
The removal of a water molecule to build complex molecules from monomers.
Define: Prokaryote
Single celled organism lacking internal compartmentalization (no nucleus, no membrane bound organelles)
Enzymes increase the rate of a chemical reaction by lowering the _______________________.
activation energy
The 2 products of the light reactions of photosynthesis that are utilized in the Calvin Cycle.
ATP & NADPH
C H O N
Lipids have less oxygen (higher ratio of hydrogen to oxygen)
Name 3 structures that are common to both plant and animal cells.
Mitochondria, cell membrane, nucleus, ribosomes, ER, Golgi, etc.
Exocytosis moves material ___in/out____ of a cell via _________________________.
out, membranous vesicles
Through a microscope, you can see a cell plate beginning to develop across the middle of a cell and nuclei forming on either side of the cell plate. The cell is most likely bacteria/animal/plant in PMATC.
The most significant role played by pH buffers is to
a. keep pH low
b. prevent fluctuations in acidity of solutions
c. keep pH high
d. limit major shifts in H+ & OH- ions
d. limit major shifts in hydrogen and hydroxide ions
The feature of carbon important for producing a variety of organic molecules
Can form up to 4 bonds, can form both polar and nonpolar covalent bonds.
Movement of vesicles within the cell depends on what 2 cellular structures.
options: actin filaments, motor proteins, ribosomes, centrioles, microtubules
microtubules & motor proteins
Animals can increase membrane fluidity by increasing the amount of cholesterol in their cell membrane when the temperature drops. What can plants do to keep their membranes more fluid in colder temperatures?
increase the # of unsaturated phospholipids
Where microtubles of the spindle originate during mitosis in animal cells
Centrosome
Isomer
RNA is thought to be the original polymer because it can ____________________ like proteins and ______________________ like DNA
catalyze reactions like proteins
store information like DNA
If a cell is exposed to cyanide, most of the cyanide will be found in this organelle.
Mitochondria
The binding of a substrate slightly changes the conformation of the enzyme's active site so as to increase tension on the bonds of the reactants.
induced fit
What impact will increased atmospheric CO2 concentrations have on seawater?
seawater will become more acidic, carbonate concentrations will decrease.