chemical bonding
Name the 3 types of chemical bonds
What are ionic, covalent, hydrogen?
Name the parts of an atom and their charges.
What are protons (+), neutrons (no charge), electrons (-)?
Its parts are physically mixed together, easily separated with atoms retaining their chemical properties
What are mixtures?
Energy of motion
What is mechanical/kinetic energy?
the pH scale measures this
What is how acidic or basic a substance is?
This type of bond occurs between metals and non metals
What is covalent?
This subatomic particle gives an atom its identity
What are protons?
Its parts are chemically combined into new substances and must be separated by chemical processes.
What is a compound?
This form of energy is stored in the bonds of chemical compounds (like food...)
What is chemical energy?
Name 2 characteristics of acids
What is pH 0-7, sour taste, proton (H+) donors, corrosive?
The electrons that are involved in the chemical bonding process
What are valence electrons?
The number at the bottom of each element's box on the periodic table
What is atomic mass?
Its particles will settle out when it stops flowing
What is a suspension?
This type of energy travels as waves (UV light, microwaves, Xrays, infrared, etc)
What is radiant/electromagnetic energy?
Name 2 characteristics of bases
What is pH 8-14, slippery feel, bitter taste, proton (H+) acceptors?
This bond is weak on its own but is a good reinforcement for the other bonding types
What are hydrogen bonds?
Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
What are isotopes?
They keep the pH of a substance constant (prevents wide swings in pH)
What is a buffer?
State the 1st law of thermodynamics
What is energy can't be created or destroyed, only converted from one form to another?
These compounds are produced from acid-base reactions
What are salts?
State the importance/significance of the octet rule
What is it makes the atom stable (as if its outer shell was full)?
This is how you calculate atomic mass
What is the average amounts of each isotope?
Name the 4 most common elements in the body
What are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen?
E = mc2 This formula explains the relationship between....
What are mass an energy?
Name 2 "strong" acids and 2 "strong" bases
What are HCl, HBr, HI, HNO₃, HF, H₂SO₄ ?
What are KOH, LiOH, NaOH, Ca(OH)2, Ba(OH)2