Heart
The main function of the heart
To pump blood around the body
The vessel that has a thicker wall
Arteries have thicker walls than veins
The amount of blood in the human body
5-7 litres
Where air enters the respiratory system
Nasal cavity and mouth
The type of muscle that the heart is classified as
Cardiac muscle
The vessel that brings blood back to the heart
Veins bring blood back to the heart
The purpose of white blood cells
To fight off infection
Protects the lungs
Sternum, ribs, vertebral column
Amount of chambers in the heart
4 chambers
The name of the small vessels that reach every cell of the body
Capillaries
The purpose of red blood cells
To carry oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues, and carbon dioxide back to the lungs for expiration
Where gas exchange happens
Alveoli in the lungs
The name of the chambers in the heart
Left and right atriums, left and right ventricles
The purpose of venous valves
To keep blood moving in one direction (towards the heart)/prevent the backflow of blood
What the blood is made up of
55% plasma, 45% red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets
Name of 'lid' on the larynx that stops food from entering lower respiratory tract
Epiglottis
How the heart pumps deoxygenated and oxygenated blood around the body
Deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium, it leaves the heart via the right ventricle and travels to the lungs where CO2 is expelled and O2 is gathered, this now oxygenated blood enters the left atrium and is pumped out of the heart and around the body through the right ventricle
Tunica intima, tunica media, tunica adventitia
How blood helps to regulate temperature
When too hot - blood vessels close to skin vasodilate to increase blood flow to surface and away from core, increasing sweating and cooling body
When too cold - blood vessels close to skin vasoconstrict to decrease blood flow to surface and keep core warm, muscles contract (shiver)
Two functions of the larynx
Creates sound when air passes over it (speaking), protects lower respiratory tract during breathing and eating