Blood Vessels
What are the three layers of blood vessels?
What is adventitia, media and intima.
What is the function of the foramen ovale?
What is an opening in the cardiac septum between left atrium and right atrium that shunts blood away from fetal lungs.
Why are arterioles called resistance vessels?
They are composed primarily of smooth muscle that constricts and relaxes and is responsible for blood pressure.
Name structural differences between veins and arteries
1) veins have valves, areteries don't have valves 2) veins have 0 pressure; arteries are responsible for BP 3) veins are capacitance vessels (store most of the blood in body) and arteries are conductance vessels (have a thick/tough/elastic structure that withstands pressure of pumping heart) 4) veins have a thinner tunica media and arteries have a thicker tunica media
What allows fetal blood to bypass the liver?
Ductus venosus
What causes varicose veins?
Defective valves in the veins
What is the longest vein in the body?
What is great saphenous
These blood vessels have very thin walls allowing only one RBC through at a time
What are capillaries (aka exchange vessels)
Mesenteric veins carry blood away from what organs?
The organs of digestion
Where is the radial vein located?
lateral aspect of the forearms bilaterally (runs near the radial artery where radial pulse is taken)
Why does a fetus blood need to bypass the fetal liver and bypass the fetal lungs?
The fetal lungs and liver are undeveloped. The mother's body supplies fetus with oxygen and filters fetal blood via the placenta.
What is the function of the hepatic portal vein?
Carry blood rich in digestive end-products to the liver to be filtered.
What is the largest artery from which all other arteries brach off? What is the largest vein that all other veins flow into?
Does the umbilical vein carry oxygenated or deoxygenated blood?
The umbilical vein carries Oxygenated blood toward the fetal heart from the placenta. The umbilical Artery carries deoxygenated blood Away from the fetal heart toward the placenta.
What mechanisms cause blood to move from the veins toward the heart?
1) milking action of skeletal muscles 2) valves in veins 3) thoracic pressure changes