Circulatory System
What are the functions of the circulatory system and describe each
•Transportation: O2, CO2, nutrients, wastes, hormones, and stem cells from bone marrow
•Protection: Immune system, Clotting
•Regulation: Fluid balance, pH, and temperature control
Hematocrit
carry oxygen from lungs to tissues
carry CO2 from tissues to lungs
excessive bleeding
Hemorrhagic anemias
Name the blood type with A antigen and anti b antibodies and RH+
GROUP A +
What are the components of Blood
Plasma and formed elements
What are the proteins in Plasma and describe their purposes
Albumin: transport substances and influences blood viscosity and osmolarity, Globulins: combats pathogens in immune responses and Fibrinogen: Blood clot formation
Describe the structure of RBCs
Cells designed to maximize gas exchange and transport.
Lose most organelles during development
No mitochondria
No Nucleus
Mostly hemoglobin to carry gases
excessive RBC destruction
Hemolytic anemias
NAME THE BLOOD TYPE WITH ANTI A ANTIBODIES AND B ANTIGEN WITH RH+
B+
Normal pH of blood
7.35-7.45
Remaining fluid when blood is allowed to coagulate and solids are removed
What is Serum
Describe hemoglobin consistency
•Four protein subunits (globins)
•Four heme groups
(4 hemes means 4 iron molecules )
Inadequate Erythropoiesis
•Pernicious anemia
•Iron deficiency
•Aplastic Anemia
•Sickle-Cell anemia
NAME THE BLOOD TYPE WITH NO ANTIBODIES, A AND B ANTIGENS WITH RH +
AB+
What is in the liquid portion of blood?
What is in the solid portion of blood
Liquid: Water, Proteins, Nutrients, Electrolytes and wastes
Solid: WBC's, RBCs and Platelets
Production of blood (plasma and formed elements)
Hematopoiesis
RBC production from hematopoietic stem cells in bone marrow
•1 million RBCs are produced per second
•Average life span of about 120 days
•Controlled by negative feedback loop
Erythropoiesis
•inadequate Vitamin B12 absorption because of reduced production of intrinsic factor by stomach
Pernicious anemia
NAME THE BLOOD TYPE WITH ANTI A AND B WITH NO ANTIGENS AND RH +
O+
bottom: RBCs 41%
Middle: Buffy coat includes WBCs and platelets 4%
Top: Plasma 55%
Multipotent stem cells in bone marrow, give rise to all formed elements
Hematopoietic stem cells
Excess of RBCs, due to cancer, dehydration, smoking or air pollution
Polycythemia
NAME THE GRANULOCYTES
NAME THE AGRANULOCYTES
NEUTROPHILS
EOSINOPHILS
BASOPHILS
LYMPHOCYTES
MONOCYTES
UNIVERSAL DONOR? UNIVERSAL RECIPIENT
DONOR 0-
RECIPIENT AB+