The heart
faster, slower
What are the 3 types of blood vessels?
Arteries, veins, and capillaries
What are the two main parts of the circulatory system?
1. The heart
2. Blood vessels
Blood is composed of...
Hint: 4 answers
1. Red blood cells
2. White blood cells
3. Platelets
4. Plasma
Are there more white blood cells or red blood cells in the body?
Red blood cells
What are the different sections of the heart called, and how many are there?
Bonus 100 points: What divides these sections of the heart?
Chambers, 4
Bonus: valves
_____ carry blood away from the heart, and _____ carry blood back to the heart.
Arteries, veins
The circulatory system is like a _____ that stretches for more than 60,000 miles (96,650,64 km) in your body.
freeway or highway
What produces red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets?
Bone marrow
What is responsible for making the blood red in color?
Hint: It is a chemical carried by red blood cells
Hemoglobin
What do the chambers do? List both answers.
1. Collect and pump blood
2. Control the direction the blood flows in the body
How thick are capillaries?
About one cell thick
The circulatory system transports blood to and from the heart.
What is another word we could use instead of "transports"?
Circulates
Explain the function of each of the 3 types of white blood cells: Granulocytes, Lymphocytes, & Monocytes (100 points for each correct answer).
1. Granulocytes help wounds heal and prevent infections by killing germs.
2. Lymphocytes (T cells and B cells) produce antibodies to attack bacteria or viruses.
3. Monocytes fight and destroy bacteria by surrounding and attacking it.
What is plasma primarily made up of?
Water that comes from what you eat and drink
Explain what the valves in the heart do.
The valves open for the blood to empty from the chambers, and then close so that the blood does not flow in the wrong direction. They make sure the rest of the body gets the right amount of blood.
When you hear or feel your heart beat, that is the result of the opening and closing of the valves as blood pumps throughout your body.
Arteries vs. Veins
a. Which are thicker?
b. Which are more flexible?
c. Which are longer in diameter?
a. Arteries are the thickest blood vessels.
b. Arteries are more flexible than veins.
c. Veins are longer in diameter.
The circulatory system carries oxygen and nutrients to every ____ in the body.
Cell
What chemical do red blood cells carry?
Hemoglobin
How many times per minute does the heart beat? What are some factors that can influence this number?
60-100 beats per minute, depends on age and health
List the four different chambers of the heart, and explain their differences (location and function).
The left and right ventricles are located in the bottom of the heart and pump blood out.
The left and right atria are located in the upper part of the heart. They receive blood, or take it in.
What are the 3 main functions of the capillaries?
1. Carry blood between the arteries and the veins, connecting them together
2. Deliver nutrients and oxygen to all of a body's cells
3. Removing carbon dioxide and other waste products from the body
What is the circulatory system responsible for? List all 4 of the main functions.
1. Bringing blood to all areas of the body.
2. Fighting disease
3. Healing injuries
4. Transporting nutrients and oxygen throughout the body
Explain the function of red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets and plasma. (100 points per function)
Hint: Plasma has 2 functions
1. Red blood cells carry oxygen throughout the body.
2. White blood cells protect your body when it gets sick.
3. Platelets are cells that help clot (stop bleeding) when you have a cut or other injury.
4. Plasma is a yellowish liquid that carries proteins, nutrients, and hormones to the rest of the body. Plasma also carries waste away from your cells, directing it to the kidneys.
What is responsible for enriching blood that is being carried away from the heart with oxygen?
Hint: It is the largest artery in the body
Aorta