The Heart
How many chambers does that heart have?
4
How many parts are there in the heart's conduction system?
3
How many steps are involved in the production of an action potential?
What are the three types of blood cells? Must include common and scientific name.
RBC/Erythrocytes, WBC/Leukocytes, Platelets/Thrombocytes
Which side of the heart contains deoxygenated blood?
Right side
What is the name of each component of the heart's conduction system and where are they located?
SA node: superior R atrial wall
AV node: inferior R atrial wall
Bundle of His: Interventricular septum
Perkinje fibers:Ventricular walls
What does it mean for the cell to be depolarized?
The interior of the cell begins negative relative to the exterior. Depolarization is when the difference in charge between the in/outside decreases.
What is the role of leukocytes?
Aid in immunity.
What is the purpose of the pulmonary semilunar vavle?
To prevent backflow of blood to the R ventricle.
In what order are the 4 parts of the conduction system stimulated?
SA, AV, His, Purkinje
What are the names of the steps of the creation of an action potential?
Pacemaker potential, depolarization, repolarization
How do Erythrocytes carry oxygen? Answer must include the name of the compound used and how this compound carries oxygen.
By using hemoglobin which is an iron containing compound. Iron bonds to oxygen, thereby carrying it.
List all the parts of the heart (including major vessels, but excluding valves) that contain oxygenated blood.
L atrium, L ventricle, aorta, pulmonary veins
Which part of the conduction system stimulates the contraction of the ventricles?
Purkinje fibers
What does it mean for a pacemaker cell to be repolarized? How is this actually accomplished? Must answer both questions correctly to receive points.
The difference in charge between in/outside increases again.
This is accomplished via the efflux of K+
What is the name of the protein secreted by platelets that leads to the formation of scabs?
Fibrin
Start in the right atrium. List, diagram, show, etc. the path blood takes through your body. Everything blood passes must be included in order to receive points.
R atrium, triscuspid, R vent, Pulmonay semilun valv, Pulm artery, lungs, pulm veins, L atrium, bicuspid valve, L vent, aortic semilun valve, aorta, body (may or may not include art and veins), sup/inf vena cava.
Describe the role of each part of the heart's conduction system and how they relate to the contraction of the heart's chambers.
SA node: sets the pace of the heart's beat (does not stimulate the contraction of the atria)
AV node: receives stimulus from SA and propagates the stimulus to His. Stimulates the contraction of the atria.
Bundle of His: Propagates the stimulus to purkinje fibers in walls of each ventricle (does not stimulate contraction of ventricles)
Purkinje Fibers: stimulate contraction of ventricles.
Describe what happens during each of the three steps of the creation of an AP.
Pacemaker potential: Na+ slowly enters the cell, raising the cell's voltage
Depolarization: Ca+2 enters quickly upon the cell's voltage reaching a threshold
Repolarization: K+ effluxes, causing the interior of the cell to become negative again.
List the types of Leukocytes and include whether they are a/granulocytes.
A: Lymphocytes, monocytes
Gran: Neutrophils, Eosinophils, Basophils
What do we notice about the names and their respective category?