Gross Anatomy of Heart
Circulation and conduction of the heart
Chambers of the heart
Labeling the heart
100
What is the location of the heart relative to the trachea and esophagus?
The heart is anterior to both
100
Which vessels supply the myocardium of the heart? Where do these vessels come from? (branches of which artery)
coronary arteries; aorta
100
What two chambers of the heart are separated by this valve with two cusps?Give the name of the valve as well.
Left Atrium and Right Atrium separated by Bicuspid Valve
100
What is the full anatomical name of the vessel labelled "1"
Superior Vena Cava
200
What does the chordae tendineae attach to? What is the function of the chordae tendineae?
papillary muscles; prevents prolapse of heart valves
200
Will the heart beat if all nerves to it are cut? How is the heart rate regulated?
Yes. Sympathetic nerves, parasympathetic nerves
200
Blood passes through *this valve* as it moves from the right ventricle to ______.
pulmonary valve, pulmonary trunk
200
What is the name of the blood vessel that the arrow labeled number 9 is pointing to?
Pulmonary Trunk
300
Name the three branches that come off of the aortic arch.
brachiocephalic, left subclavian, left common carotid
300
Trace the electrical conducting system of the heart. (name the structures involved in order)
SA, AV, Bundle of His, Purkinje fibers
300
What cardiac chamber is in between the mitral valve and the aortic valve?
left ventricle
300
What is the name of the structures that the arrow labeled numbers 3,4, and 5 are pointing to respectively?
3: Tricuspid (right) AV valve
4: Chordae tendineae
5: Right Ventricle
400
Name the following valves:
1. Valve between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery
2. Valve between the right atrium and right ventricle
3. Valve between left atrium and left ventricle
4. Valve between left ventricle and aorta
1. Pulmonary semilunar valve
2. Tricuspid valve
3. Mitral (bicuspid) valve
4. Aortic semilunar valve
400
Which vessel carries deoxygenated blood away from the heart to the lungs? Which vessel carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart? Which vessel carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the systemic circulation?
Pulmonary arteries; pulmonary veins; aorta
400
How many leaflets does the tricuspid valve have, and what is the correct medical term for the condition in which this valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow back into the right atrium during systole?
3, Tricuspid regurgitation or Heart murmur,
400
Come up and point the pathway of the heart's conducting system from the Atria to the Ventricles.
(Point toward the locations of the four main nodes that are involved)
SA node (Right Atrium)
AV Node (Just above the left side of the Tricuspid valve)
Bundle of His (Located just in the bottom left corner of the right atrium)
Purkinje Fibers (From Apex to the outside cardiac tissue of both ventricles)
400
How many total openings are typically found in the left atrium, including those for the pulmonary veins and the mitral valve?
The left atrium usually has four openings for the pulmonary veins (two from each lung) and one opening for the mitral valve, totaling five openings.
400
What are the "lub" and "dub" sounds heard during the heartbeat, and what do they represent respectively?
Heart Valves Closing, lub sound is when the AV valves shut, the dub sound is when the semilunar valves shut
400
A cardiologist receives a patient who is presenting with chest pain, fatigue, and shortness of breath. Upon examination, she finds that the valve between the lower left heart chamber and the body's main artery (aorta) is narrowed and doesn't open fully. What valve is this and what is the name of the condition and its resulting effect on blood circulation?
Aortic Valve, Type of Valve Stenosis (Aortic Stenosis). This stenosis reduces or blocks blood flow from the heart to the aorta and to the rest of the body.
400
What is the name of the blood vessel that the arrow labeled number 2 is pointing to?
Right Coronary Artery