Show:
Sheep
Anatomy
Blood
Diseases
Wild
100
How many branches of the aorta did the sheep heart have?
2, unlike humans who have 3
100
The circulatory system consists of these 3 parts
Heart Blood Vessels Blood
100
Name the major components in blood.
Plasma Red blood cells (erythrocytes) White blood cells (leukocytes) Platelets
100
List the 3 most common circulatory diseases
Heart disease Stroke (oxygen to brain is blocked by blood clot) High blood pressure (hypertension)
100
What is ventricular diastole? What happens during this time?
Both ventricles relax. They fill with blood and wait until they receive the electrical conduction signal to contract from the purkinje fibers that are in the ventricles.
200
Name the two outlet valves of the sheep heart and where they go to.
Pulmonary valve brings blood to pulmonary artery to lungs Aortic valve brings blood to aorta to body
200
Why is the left ventricle thicker than the right? Two reasons
1) must pump blood with greater force to body 2) must pump blood to a much farther distance to the body via the aorta
200
Explain the function of platelets
Help with blood clotting by becoming sticky and cluster around the wound, the platelet releases proteins called clotting factors that start a series of clotting reactions
200
What is hypertension and how does it occur?
high blood pressure...when force of blood against artey walls is high- making the heart work harder due to salty diet, obesity, drinking alcohol, smoking or family history.
200
What is the role of valves? Name all 4 valves.
Prevent backflow of blood Tricuspid Mitral Aortic Pulmonary
300
Describe the texture of the aorta wall and explain the adaptive advantage of this.
SMOOTH- low resistance to blood flow, want blood to flow smoothly and not get caught/trapped in walls of blood vessels
300
The only artery that carries deoxygenated blood is _______ and it goes to the __________
Pulmonary artery....lungs
300
If you have an illness, which blood cell will increase in number and why?
White blood cells- guard against infection, fight parasites and attack bacteria. A sudden increase in white blood cells is a sign that the body is fighting a serious infection.
300
Name 3 risk factors for heart disease
Obesity Smoking Diet high in saturated fat No exercise genetic risk factors, family history
300
Frankenstein's heartbeat didn't sound right. What is responsible fort he sound of the heartbeat?
Inlet valves slamming shut (LUB) Outlet valves slamming shut (DUB)
400
When you dissected the sheep heart,the heart muscle itself has 3 layers. What are they?
Outer to inner: pericardium- protective sac/covering myocardium- heart muscle itself endocardium- inner lining of heart chambers
400
What are the pacemaker cells of the heart called and what is their function?
Sinoatrial node (SA)- start the electrical conduction of the heart, set the pace for how fast the heart beats and pass this signal on to the AV node and then purkinje fibers
400
If the sinoatrial node was damaged, what would happen to the heart's ability to pump blood?
SA node sets the pace for the heartbeat- heart would not beat regularly or maybe not at all- blood with oxygen would not be distributed to the body and tissues/cells would likely die.
400
The scientific name for heart attack is ___________ and it can be caused when ________
Myocardial Infarction....coronary artery that carries oxygen to the heart gets blocked by atherosclerosis
400
A patient has heart disease and the doctor says your heart will work harder. What is it called when both chambers contract simultaneously?
Systole
500
The name of the stringy attachments to the valve.
Cordae Tendonae- like cords on a tent holding the valve open/shut and attached to the papillary muscle itself (heart muscle)
500
Trace the path of a red blood cell in the pulmonary circuit.
SVC, IVC to the right atrium to tricuspid valve to right ventricle to pulmonary valve to pulmonary artery to lungs
500
How does blood makes its way back up to the heart from the feet?
It travels through veins that have valves that can open and close to push the blood up against gravity as your muscles contract. (must say that muscles and valves worth with veins)
500
Explain 3 controllable risk factors and 3 noncontrollable risk factors for heart disease.
Controllable: diet, exercise, weight, not smoking, high blood pressure and high cholesterol, diabetes type 2- ties in with diet Uncontrollable: age, family history, gender (men have more heart attacks than women)
500
The liquid part of blood is called ________ and it consists of 90% ______ and 10% ________
Plasma....water....ions, hormones, chemicals, molecules for signaling