Cells
What is the function of the erythrocyte?
What is to carry oxygen
Dietary intake of these three is required to make RBCs.
iron, folic acid, vitamin B12
What is the function of the foramen ovale?
What is an opening in the cardiac septum between left atrium and right atrium that shunts blood away from fetal lungs.
Define anemia
What is decrease in the number of erythrocytes
What blood type is the universal donor?
What is o
Which WBC are granulocytes?
basophils; eosinophils, neutrophils
What is the function of prothrombin and fibrinogen?
they are clotting factors
What is the longest vein in the body?
What is great saphenous
What causes varicose veins?
Defective valves in the veins
What lab values should be checked prior to administering coumadin? Which lab value should be checked prior to administering heparin?
warfarin= PT/INR
heparin= PTT
What is the antidote for each?
Describe the function of the neutrophil
travels to site of infection (motile) and phagocytosis of bacteria
Thrombocytopenia refers to what condition?
a deficiency of platelets
Define hematopoiesis.
Creation of blood cells. (fig 15.2 on page 287)
Mesenteric veins carry blood away from what organs?
The organs of digestion
These blood vessels have very thin walls allowing only one RBC through at a time
What are capillaries
What is a measure of the percentage of red blood cells in the body?
What is hematocrit. What does elevated hematocrit indicate?
What is the liquid portion of blood called?
What is plasma
What are the three layers of blood vessels?
What is adventitia, media and intima.
Name differences between veins and arteries
A WBC count above 12,000 indicates what?
infection
Heparin and histamine are substances secreted by which cell?
What is basophil. This indicates the healing phase has begun.
How long do RBCs circulate and what happens at the end of its lifespan?
After 120 days it is removed from circulation and broken down into basic parts to be recycled. What is heme broken down into? What is globin broken down into?
What is an antigen
A protein marker that the body recognizes as foreign
Explain what an increase in each type of leukocyte indicates
neutrophils: bacterial infection, 1st line of defense
eosinophils: parasites/allergies
basophils: healing process
lymphocytes: viral infections
monocytes: bacterial infections, 2nd line of defense so indicates a long-term infection.
Neutropenia indicates a decrease in what?
WBC- neutrophils
To which component of the RBC does oxygen loosely bind?
iron molecule within heme. What does the CO2 bind with?