14th Amendment
the 14th Amendment legally defined _____________
Citizenship
The act of becoming a citizen is called the ____________________ process.
Naturalization
Which is a requirement for a person to become a naturalized U.S. citizen?
A) Marrying a U.S. citizen and having a child with that person.
B) Being a legal resident of the U.S. for at least five years.
C) Gaining employment in the U.S. for at least five years.
D) Reaching age eighteen while living in the U.S. capital.
B - Being a legal resident of the U.S. for at least five years.
The 14th Amendment guaranteed all citizens equal protection under the _________
law
Natural born citizens acquire their citizenship status through either the Law of _______ and/or law of _______. Explain what these laws are.
Law of Blood: when a person acquires citizenship through their parents or ancestors.
ex: a parent is a US citizen for at least 1 year -> children are automatically US citizens (regardless of where they are born)
Law of Soil: citizenship of a person is determined by the place where a person was born.
ex: born on US soil -> US citizen
What right do citizens have?
A) attending public schools
B) owning property
C) holding a job
D) voting
D Voting - Voting is a fundamental right of citizens. Also, public education and holding a job is NOT a right protected by the US constitution. Anyone has the right to own property in the US, even if they are not a citizen.
Which group was granted citizenship because of the 14th Amendment?
A) African Americans
B) Women
C) Young people (18-20)
A) African Americans
Also known as "birthright" citizenship, this type of citizenship applies to those you are born in the U.S. (law of soil) or whose parents are already U.S. citizens (law of blood)
Natural Born Citizen
James Bond, a British citizen, meets and falls in love with Halle Berry, an American citizen, while on a mission in Korea. They get married and have a child while living in Korea.
Will the child be a US citizen?
NO, the child will NOT be a citizen (both parents not US citizens = law of blood does not apply).
Halle Berry -> US citizen
James Bond -> UK citizen
How did the 14th Amendment Define Citizenship?
All persons born or naturalized in the US are citizens. African Americans and former slaves gain citizenship
Name 3 Eligibility Requirements for becoming a naturalized citizen
BONUS: Name all the Eligibility requirements for +200 points
1) US resident for 5 years
2) Read, write, and speak in English
3) Process basic knowledge of U.S. history and government
4) Be of good moral character
5) Over the age of 18
6) Swear an Oath of Allegiance
The events below describe the use of a government document.
---------------------------
Laura was born in France and lived in France until she immigrated to the U.S. at age 21. At age 25, Laura visited Morocco on vacation.
---------------------------
Why did Laura use a U.S. passport to travel?
A) Laura was a resident alien of the U.S.
B) Laura was a resident national of the U.S.
C) Laura was a U.S. citizen by the law of soil.
D) Laura was a U.S. citizen by the law of blood.
D - In order to carry a U.S. passport, Laura must be a citizen. It does not say she was naturalized. We can conclude then that she has at least one U.S. born parent, so the condition of natural born citizenship around the “law of blood” applies.
The passage below describes a court decision.
The Burlingame Treaty (1870) allowed the U.S. to deny citizenship to persons born in the U.S. whose parents were born outside the U.S. The U.S. Supreme Court granted writ of certiorari to a case challenging the constitutionality of the treaty.
How did the court apply the 14th Amendment to decide this case?
A) To deny a native person citizenship rights does not support constitutional principles.
B) A naturalized citizen possesses all the rights of a native citizen according to the Constitution.
C) Persons born outside the U.S. are not permitted to pursue citizenship because they are unemployed.
D) Persons born outside the U.S. are not permitted to pursue citizenship because they do not own property.
A - The 14th Amendment identifies that U.S. citizens include those who are born or in the United States. The citizenship of one’s parents is not a consideration. 14th Amendment overturns any laws which go against this.
Johan is an ____________ who moves to the United States from Sweden. He is classified as an ________ until he becomes a citizen. After being a ___________ in the US for 5 years and meeting all the requirements for the naturalization process, he is able to become a US citizen.
1. Immigrant:Someone who permanently moves to another country.
2. Alien: a non-citizen permanent resident
3. Resident: Someone who has legally lived somewhere for at least 6 months
The table below describes permanent resident status.
Year #of Persons Obtaining Permanent
Resident Status in the U.S.
2005 ....................1,122,257
2007 ....................1,052,415
2009 ....................1,130,818
2011 ....................1,062,040
Source: 2011Yearbook of Immigration Statistics (Table 1)
Based on the table, what could be predicted about the impact of permanent residents on government?
A) The number of persons seeking citizenship by law of soil would decline.
B) The number of persons seeking citizenship by law of blood would increase.
C) The number of persons seeking naturalization would be affected by elections for Congress.
D) The number of persons seeking naturalization would be affected by elections for governor.
C - Congress passes laws concerning the naturalization process. Permanent resident status is one step in the naturalization process.