1st Amendment
What five fundamental freedoms does the First Amendment protect?
freedom of religion, freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom of assembly, and the right to petition the government
civil rights act of 1957
the first federal civil rights legislation passed since Reconstruction
What rights are included in the Fifth Amendment?
Due process, grand jury, double jeopardy, self-discrimination, just compensation, and equal protection
What does the right to a speedy trial mean
The right to a speedy trial means that a defendant should be tried for a crime within a reasonable amount of time. This right is protected by the Sixth Amendment of the United States Constitution.
What is one right or freedom from the First Amendment?*
speech
religion
assembly
press
petition the government
What types of speech are not protected under the First Amendment
"fighting words," "true threats," "incitement to imminent lawless action," "obscenity," "defamation," severe harassment, and certain forms of commercial speech
civil rights act of 1960
a US federal law that primarily focused on protecting voting rights by allowing federal inspectors to examine local voter registration processes and introducing penalties for anyone obstructing voter registration attempts
What is the "takings clause?
The takings clause is a part of the Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution that states that private property cannot be taken for public use without just compensation. The takings clause applies to both federal and state governments
What does the right to an impartial jury mean?
a defendant has the right to a fair trial by a jury that is unbiased and based solely on evidence.
What did the Declaration of Independence do?
severed the political ties between the 13 American colonies and Great Britain
What does "freedom of the press" mean and how does it impact journalism?
the right of journalists and media outlets to publish information and express opinions without government censorship or interference, allowing them to report news and critique government actions without fear of legal repercussions
civil rights act of 1964
outlawed segregation in public places and employment, and prohibited discrimination in federally funded programs
What does it mean to “plead the Fifth?”
to invoke the Fifth Amendment of the United States Constitution to not answer questions or provide evidence that could incriminate you.
What does the right to a public trial mean?
The right to a public trial means that criminal trials are open to the public, not secret. This right is guaranteed by the Sixth Amendment of the Constitution.
What are two rights in the Declaration of Independence?
"Life" and "Liberty"
What is the difference between freedom of religion and the establishment clause?
"Freedom of religion" refers to the broader right to practice one's chosen religion without government interference, while the "establishment clause" specifically prohibits the government from establishing an official religion or favoring one religion over another
civil rights act of 1870
a law that protected voting rights for Black Americans
Can double jeopardy apply in civil cases?
Double jeopardy applies to criminal cases only, not civil or administrative proceedings.
What does the Sixth Amendment guarantee?
right to speedy trial, right to an impartial jury, right to know the charges, right to confront witnesses, right to the witnesses appear, and right to legal representation
What is freedom of religion?
the right to practice any religion or belief without discrimination or coercion.
What does it mean to petition the government?
the right to ask the government to change a law, policy, or practice
civil rights act of 1991
a US labor law that protects employees from employment discrimination
What are Miranda rights?
Miranda rights are the rights that police must inform people of when they are taken into custody and questioned. These rights include the right to remain silent, to have a lawyer, and to have a lawyer appointed if you can't afford on
What does the right to a lawyer mean?
The "right to a lawyer" under the 6th Amendment means that in all criminal prosecutions, a defendant has the constitutional right to have an attorney represent them, and if they cannot afford one, the government must provide them with a court-appointed lawyer to ensure a fair trial; essentially guaranteeing legal assistance during the criminal proceedings.
What is the economic system in the United States?
mixed economy