Human Rights
What are human rights?
Basic rights and freedoms believed to belong to all individuals.
What is civil law primarily concerned with?
Resolving disputes between individuals or organizations.
What is the main goal of criminal law?
To maintain public order and protect society
What body is responsible for making federal laws in Australia?
The Parliament.
Name one freedom guaranteed by the Australian Constitution.
Freedom of religion
Name one international document that outlines human rights.
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
What is the role of a plaintiff in civil law?
The person who brings a case against another in a court of law.
What is a felony?
A serious crime typically punishable by imprisonment for more than one year.
What is a "bill"?
A proposal for new legislation.
What does the term "freedom of assembly" mean?
The right to hold public meetings and form associations without interference.
What is the role of the Australian Human Rights Commission?
To promote and protect human rights in Australia.
What is a tort in the context of civil law?
A wrongful act that causes harm or loss to another person, leading to civil liability.
What is the role of the prosecutor in a criminal case?
To represent the government and prove the defendant's guilt beyond a reasonable doubt.
What is the first step in the legislative process?
Introduction of a bill.
How does freedom of religion manifest in Australia?
: Individuals are free to practice any religion or none at all.
How can citizens advocate for human rights?
By raising awareness, participating in campaigns, and voting.
What is often awarded to someone when winning a civil case?
What is a conviction?
A formal declaration by a court that someone is guilty of a criminal offense.
What happens to a bill after it is passed by both houses of Parliament?
It is sent to the Governor-General for Royal Assent.
What is a limitation to freedoms in Australia?
What is the significance of the Racial Discrimination Act?
It makes it unlawful to discriminate against someone on the basis of race, color, or national origin.
What is "preponderance of evidence"
"Preponderance of evidence" refers to a standard of proof primarily used in civil cases. It means that the evidence presented by one party is more convincing and credible than the evidence presented by the opposing party. Essentially, it requires the fact-finder (like a judge or jury) to believe that something is more likely to be true than not true. It's also sometimes described as the "balance of probabilities
What is the primary role of a jury in a criminal trial?
To determine the guilt or innocence of the defendant based on the evidence presented.
What is the significance of the Senate in the law-making process?
It reviews and can amend or reject legislation passed by the House of Representatives.
What is the role of the High Court regarding freedoms in Australia?
To interpret the Constitution and protect individual rights.