Enlightenment & Founding Documents
This Enlightenment thinker believed in separation of powers.
Who is Montesquieu?
This principle ensures we have 3 equal branches.
What is separation of powers?
This amendment lowered voting age to 18 years old.
What is the 26th?
Tinker v. Des Moines
Free speech is more than words (symbolic speed/expression is protected). 1st Amendment.
Taxation without representation, demand for political change being ignored, and King George being a tyrant.
What are reasons colonists wrote the Declaration of Independence (decided to split from GB).
This Enlightenment thinker believed in natural rights and the social contract.
Who is John Locke?
The president vetoing a bill is an example of this principle.
What is Checks and Balances?
This amendment defined citizenship (and includes due process & the equal protection clause).
What is the 14th?
Marbury v. Madison
Established judicial review (Supreme Court can declare laws/actions unconstitutional.)
What is the last step in the naturalization process?
What is taking the Oath of Allegiance?
Big idea of this pamphlet written by Thomas Paine was to separate from Great Britain!
What was Common Sense?
Principle that EVERYONE is held accountable to obey the law.
What is rule of law?
"The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude."
What is the 15th amendment?
Plessy v. Ferguson
established "separate but equal" in public facilities
In re Gault
Minors have the same rights (due process) under the law.
Big idea of this document was self-government.
What was the Mayflower Compact?
List and describe the two main categories of law.
Civil - settle disputes, lawsuits for $/damages, contracts, divorce, etc.
Criminal - crimes against property, people, etc.
Which amendment abolished poll taxes (and define)?
What is the 24th...
Gideon v. Wainright
Everyone has a right to counsel.
List the two ways to be a natural born citizen.
What are Law of Soil and Law of Blood?
Big ideas of this document were limited government, due process, trial by jury and rule of law.
What was the Magna Carta?
List one main source of America's laws.
What is Code of Hammurabi? or What is English Common Law?
Which amendment protects our civil liberties (list them)?
What is the 1st...speech, press, assembly, petition, religion
Bush v. Gore
Supreme Court decided presidential election (14th Amendment, equal protection).
Define the difference between a U.S. citizens obligations and responsibilities and give two examples for each.
Obligations = "must do": jury duty, defend nation, pay taxes, obey laws, attend school
Responsibilities = "should do": vote, volunteer, be informed, run for office, be tolerant of others