Influences
This civilization was the birthplace of democracies and influenced the founders ideas on republics.
Ancient Greece
Rule by one
(Tyranny, Monarchy, Dictatorship)
Autocracy
The document by the colonists that told the rest of the world they were breaking ties with Britain
Declaration of Independence
The introduction to the Constitution that explains the purpose and content
Preamble
Court case that limited the rights of African Americans and pushed the country closer to the Civil War
Dred Scott v. Sandford
Created by Thomas Paine, this document influenced the colonists' to declare independence from Britain.
Common Sense
A form of government where power is shared equally by the states and the central government
BONUS: What is this also known as?
Federal
Bonus: Federalism
The names of our 3 branches of government
Legislative, Executive, Judicial
All rights in the first amendment to the Constitution
Religion, Assembly, Press, Petition, Speech
Juveniles are entitled to the same due process rights as adults thanks to this court case
In Re Gault
The first example of self-government and a social contract in the colonies.
Mayflower Compact
A form of government where representatives chosen by the people make decisions.
(U.S. form of government)
Representative Government
The acts created by Parliament that finally pushed the colonists to act against Britain
Intolerable (Coercive) Acts
List the 3 Reconstruction Amendments and what they did.
13th: outlawed/ended slavery
14th: granted citizenship/defined citizenship for African Americans
15th: African American men gained the right to vote
Your rights must be read to you when you are accused of a crime after this court case
Miranda v. Arizona
Started the idea of separation of powers, rule of law, and checks and balances; an early example of structured democratic government.
Ancient Rome
A form of government where the people make all of the decisions directly
Direct Democracy
What is the role of each branch of government?
(Be specific on who does what!)
Legislative: Makes Laws
Executive: Enforces Laws
Judicial: Interprets/Judges Laws
What 3 amendments in the 1900's increased the ability of people to vote?
BONUS: What did each amendment do?
19th: Women can vote
24th: end of poll taxes
26th: lowered voting age from 21 to 18
If you need and want a lawyer to represent you in a criminal case, this court case made it mandatory for the state to provide you with one if you can't afford one yourself
Gideon v. Wainwright
Made to protect the rights of the people in England, it inspired our own protection of rights in the Constitution.
English Bill of Rights
Rule by a few, usually a minority like the rich or influential
Oligarchy
The section of the DOI explaining the complaints the colonists had about Britain
Grievances
Rights of the accused and your protections under the law are also know as what?
Due Process
This court case upheald the "seperate but legal" idea and allowed segregation to continue for another 50 years
Plessy v. Fergusson
Thinker who spread the ideas of natural rights and the social contract between the people and their government.
John Locke
This form of government has a weak central government but strong state governments. Our form of government under the AOC.
Confederal
The event that led to the end of the Articles of Confederation
Shays' Rebellion
What is required to amend the Constitution?
(Be specific! Who does what?)
2/3 Congress or State Legislatures Propose
3/4 States Ratify
Overturned a prior Supreme Court case, making "separate but equal" unconstitutional and led to desegregation in schools
Brown v. Board of Education
Signed by King John in 1215, this document limited the King's power and was a protection of the rights of the people.
Magna Carta
A form of government where the central government has nearly all the power, leaving the states weak. Our form of government when colonies under Britain.
Unitary
The meeting in Philadelphia to discuss the Articles of Confederation.
What is the Constitutional Convention?
No one is above the law and all must follow the rules.
rule of law
A case to determine the rights of students in school, particularly freedom of speech and press. The students lost since the school owned the paper.
Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeyer
Separation of powers was spread in the 1700's by this French philosopher, encouraging a division of power within the government.
Montesquieu
The specific form of government that the United States has
Constitutional Republic
These individuals opposed large government & the Constitution.
Anti-Federalists
(Anti-Federalists are against, Federalists are for)
Says the Constitution is the supreme law of the land.
Article 6 or the supremacy clause
A case where students sued for their right to freedom of speech and the ability to participate in symbolic speech protests
(students won)
Tinker v. Des Moines