CITIZENSHIP
Which Amendment in the U.S. Constitution defines citizenship?
The 14th Amendment
What three natural rights did John Locke say all people are born with?
life, liberty and property
Which historical document signed by King John of England in 1215, limited the power of the king and established other rights such as the right to fair trial by jury, and no taxation without consent?
The Magna Carta
What 1754 conflict between Britain and France left Britain in great debt and caused Britain to begin taxing the 13 American Colonies?
The French and Indian War
Who was the author of the Declaration of Independence?
Thomas Jefferson
In what year was the Declaration of Independence approved?
1776
This word means to cancel a law
repeal
What do you call a legal member of a nation/country who is given all the rights and responsibilities of that country?
A Citizen
What legal idea states that no one is above the law and all must follow the law?
The Rule of Law
What law states that your citizenship is based upon your parents citizenship, regardless of where you are born?
Law of Blood
What idea of Montesquieu says that that the government should be divided into the executive, legislative, and judical branches in order to limit the government's power?
Separation of powers
The 1620 document was the first agreement for self-government in America. It was signed by the 41 men aboard the Mayflower Ship and set up a government for the Plymouth colony, Massachusetts.
The Mayflower Compact
This 1765 British policy required a tax on all paper products in the 13 Colonies and a stamp to prove it had been paid?
The Stamp Act
In the Declaration Jefferson listed a number of grievances against the British.
What is a grievance?
a complaint
What three rights did Jefferson claim in the Declaration of Independence?
Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness
What word means to refuse to buy goods as a way to protest?
boycott
What do you call activities that a U.S. citizen should do such as community service?
Responsibilities
This characteristic of the rule of law says that government must be open and not do things in secret
transparency
What law states that your citizenship is based upon where you are born?
Law of Soil
John Locke's idea that all people are born with certain rights such as life, liberty, and property is called what?
Natural Rights
What was the name of Thomas Paine's 1776 pamphlet that told the 13 American Colonies that it was time to be independent from Britain?
Common Sense
What was the name of the 1773 colonial protest against the British in which Bostonians disguised as Indians went aboard three British ships and threw the tea into Boston Harbor?
The Boston Tea Party
What idea of John Locke did Jefferson claim in the following quote?
We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.
natural rights
According to the following quote from the Declaration, where does government get it's authority?
"Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed"
The people or citizens
This word means to house and feed soldiers in private citizens' homes. The colonists were forced to do this.
quarter or quartering
What do you call things that a citizen of the U.S. must do such as pay taxes?
Obligations
This characteristic of the rule of law says that the government must follow the rules and treat those accused of crimes fairly
due process
Name two requirements to become a naturalized citizen of the United States
1. 18 years of age
2. Live 5 years in the U.S.
3. Be able to speak, read, and write basic English
4. Be of good moral character
5. Pass a citizenship test
6. Take a oath of allegiance to the U.S.
Who was the enlightenment thinker that is known for the idea of 'SEPARATION OF POWERS?"
MONTESQUIEU
Which historical document from 1689 limited the power of the English king, strengthened Parliament, protected the individual rights of English citizens?
The English Bill of Rights (1689)
What slogan or saying expresses the idea that the 13 Colonies were being taxed without their consent or input?
"No taxation without representation"
According to the quote, what can citizens do when the government violates the Social Contract?
"That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government"
They can change the government
They can get rid of, overthrow the government
Name one grievance or complaint that Jefferson listed in the Declaration of Independence
1. King did not enforce laws
2. Britain put troops/soldiers in the colonies (quartered)
3. Britain taxed colonies without consent
4. Britain denied the right of trial by jury
5. Britain dissolved/got rid of colonial governments
This word means to make a formal request of the government
petition
What is the name of the process in which a citizen of another country becomes a U.S. citizen?
Naturalization
This characteristic of the rule of law says that we all are responsible to answer to the law
accountability
Name one right that ONLY belongs to citizens of the United States
1. Only a citizen may own a U.S. passport
2. The right to vote in elections
3. The right to run for elected office
4. Some federal jobs can only be had by citizens
5. A citizen cannot be denied re-entry into country
What Locke idea in the SOCIAL CONTRACT means that the government must get the permission of the people to govern or rule?
The Consent of the Governed
Which individual right did the Magna Carta protect in the following quote?
No free man shall be seized or imprisoned, or stripped of his rights or possessions, ...except by the lawful judgment of his equals or by the law of the land.
Trial by jury
Which British law in 1774 shut down Boston Harbor and dissolved the Massachusetts government as a punishment for the Boston Tea Party?
The Coercive Acts or the Intolerable Acts
In the Declaration Jefferson said that all people were given rights that were "unalienable."
What does "unalienable" mean?
cannot be taken away
In the Declaration, Jefferson said that all men were "endowed" by their creator with certain rights.
What does "endowed" mean?
given
What proclamation by the British in 1763 prohibited the 13 Colonies from settling or moving west of the Appalachian Mountains?
The Proclamtion of 1763
Name two OBLIGATIONS that citizens of the United States must fulfill
1. Obey laws
2. Pay taxes
3. Selective Service
4. Jury Duty
This characteristic of the rule of law says that the law must be applied the same way to all people
consistent application of the law
Which Amendment to the Constitution gave African American men the right to vote?
The 15th Amendment
What important United States document was influenced by the ideas of John Locke?
The Declaration of Independence
The U.S. Constitution
What did the signers of the Mayflower Compact promise to create in the following quote?
"We whose names are underwritten... Covenant (promise) and Combine ourselves together in a Civil Body Politic..."
a government
Name two grievances or complaints against the British Jefferson listed in the Declaration of Independence
-taxed America without consent (No taxation without representation)
-took away trial by jury
-dissolved or got rid of colonial governments
-dissolved colonial courts
-Quartered British troops in Americn homes
-Keeping British soldiers in the 13 colonies
-Not allowing colonial governments to make laws
What complaint or grievance is Jefferson naming in the following quote?
"For suspending our own Legislatures, and declaring themselves invested with power to legislate for us in all cases whatsoever."
getting rid of colonial governments
not letting the colonies make laws for themselves
According to the quote from the Declaration of Independence, what is the main purpose of government?
"to secure these rights governments are instituted among men"
protect citizens' rights
What was the name of the killing of 5 American colonists by British soldiers in Boston in 1770?
The Boston Massacre
Name three (3) responsibilities that citizens of the U.S. should fulfill
1. community service
2. Voting
3. attend civic meetings
4. run for elected office
5. Petition government
Which U.S. President said "Well, when the president does it, that means that it is not illegal."
President Nixon