Enlightenment
English philosopher that taught about natural law, natural rights and the social contract theory
Who is John Locke?
Includes the right to bear arms
What is the 2nd Amendment?
Introduction to the U.S. Constitution
What is the Preamble?
Document written in 1215 that limited that power of the English king
Made police have to read certain rights to people who have been arrested (ex. You have the right to remain silent… )
What is Miranda v. Arizona?
Movement of ideas in Europe and North America during the 17th and 18th century based on applying reason and scientific thinking instead of following tradition
What is the Enlightenment?
Prevents the unreasonable search and seizure of private citizens and their property
What is the 4th Amendment?
The branch of government that is established by Article I
What is the Legislative Branch?
Document written in 1620 that established a precedent of self-government in the colonies
What is the Mayflower Contract?
Legalized segregation in public spaces with the argument “separate but equal”
What is Plessy v. Ferguson?
French philosopher who taught about the separation of powers in government
Who is Montesquieu?
Abolishes slavery in the United States
What is the 13th Amendment?
Branch of government in charge of interpreting the law
What is the Judicial Branch?
Document written in 1689 that gave British citizens numerous rights and was a major influence on the Bill of Rights included in the U.S. Constitution
What is the English Bill of Rights?
Established that students have the right to free speech in schools as long as it is not disruptive.
What is Tinker v. Des Moines?
Writer of the revolutionary pamphlet “Common Sense”, which said that the colonies should reject the monarchy of Britain.
Who is Thomas Paine?
Lowers the voting age to 21
What is the 26th Amendment?
System where the three branches of government keep each other in line
What is Checks and Balances?
Pamphlet published in 1776 that encouraged the American colonists to declare their independence and establish their own government
What is Common Sense?
Established that minors are also entitled to their due process rights in juvenile court
What is in re Gault?
Theory that a government and its citizens have an agreement where citizens give government power in exchange for protection of the rights and property
What is social contract?
Guarantees rights and protections to all citizens born or naturalized in the United States
Gives Congress the ability to stretch its power in order to fulfill its duties
What is the “Elastic Clause”?
Document written in 1776 that separated the American colonies from the control of Britain
What is the Declaration of Independence?
Established that the government must provide someone accused of a crime with a lawyer, no matter what the charge is
What is Gideon v. Wainwright?