Federal Courts
Which of the following refers to the authority to hear and decide a case first?
original jurisdiction
When it was first established, the Supreme Court had _________ justices.
6
What is the lowest level of courts in the Virginia judiciary system?
district courts
In what type of case does the court settle disagreements between two or more parties to determine compensation for wrongful acts?
civil case
Who was the Supreme Court justice who delivered the ruling in the Brown v. Board of Education case?
Earl Warren
In _____________, new rules were implemented to regulate lobbyists that made it illegal for lobbyists or interest groups to give lawmakers gifts or to reimburse lawmakers' travel expenses.
2007
Which government agency was created in response to the 2001 terror attacks?
DHS
How many total circuits are in the courts of appeals system?
13
To which position was William Marbury commissioned?
federal judge
Juvenile and domestic relations courts are a type of __________ court.
district
What is the term for someone who files a complaint against someone to recover damages or compensation in civil cases?
plaintiff
The Supreme Court case of _________________ established the legal doctrine of "separate but equal."
Plessy v. Ferguson
Sensationalist reporting related to the destruction of the USS Maine and other supposed brutalities played a large role in starting what war?
Spanish-American War
Give a reason to change the following public policies:
public health
environment
economic
public safety
flu pandemic
air pollution
recession
terrorism
Which courts are the general trial courts in the federal court system?
district courts
Who was chief justice when the Supreme Court decided the case of Marbury v. Madison?
John Marshall
Which of the following state courts in Virginia can have jury trials?
circuit courts
The ________________ Amendment states that a warrant must be obtained in order to search a person or property.
Fourth
The Due Process ______________ of the Fifth Amendment protects against unfair governmental actions and laws.
Clause
List the three the primary participants in forming public policy
Congress
the Supreme Court
the president
The USA PATRIOT Act was one of the government's public policy responses to what event?
9/11 terror attacks
The only court(s) mentioned specifically in the US Constitution is/are the _____________.
Supreme Court
What is the Supreme Court's primary jurisdiction?
appellate jurisdiction
What state court in Virginia has original jurisdiction for any criminal case for which the penalty exceeds one year in jail?
circuit courts
Which amendment of the US Constitution guarantees that every person accused of wrongdoing has the right to a fair and speedy public trial?
Sixth Amendment
In the Brown v. Board of Education decision, the Supreme Court declared that segregation in public schools violated the _______________.
Fourteenth Amendment
What interest group played a major role in securing rights for African Americans during the civil rights movement?
NAACP
Which government agency is responsible for protecting the environment?
EPA
What is the tenure of federal judges?
Life
In legal terms, a(n) ___________ provides a summary of a court case and an argument for why the court made the decision that it did or why a justice voted the way that he or she did.
opinion
What serves as the final court of appeals in the state of Virginia, reviewing the decisions of the lower courts?
Supreme Court of Virginia
The Fifth Amendment guarantees that a person cannot be tried for the same crime twice. This concept is known as __________________.
double jeopardy
In one sentence, define the term due process.
The Constitution guarantees the rights of individuals through the due process of law, which limits the government's actions and laws.
The courts have ruled that limitations on lobbying are legitimate because the goal of lobbying is to directly influence ___________.
legislation
In one sentence, explain the purpose of the government agency known as the CDC.
The CDC is a government agency responsible for preventing the spread of disease.