Very Easy
Civil liberties
Basic freedoms to think/act protected by the government that all people have
List of certain constitutional rights possess by those accused of crimes
Legal term for speech/actions that inspire revolting against the government
Exclusionary rule
Rule that evidence obtained illegally may not be used against a person in court
Prior restraint
Censorship imposed (usually by a government or institution) that prohibits particular instances of expression
Search warrant
Legal document authorizing a police officer or other other official to enter search premises
Double jeopardy
Standing trial twice for the same offense
Capital punishment
Legal killing of a person for a serious crime
Fourteenth Amendment
Law passed after the Civil War to protect the rights of African Americans
Civil Rights Act of 1875
Act that sought to give blacks federal protection from discrimination and equal access to public places
Reverse discrimination
Discrimination against the majority group
Free exercise clause
Clause that guarantees each person the right to hold any religious beliefs
Establishment clause
Part of First Amendment that forbids laws supporting or abolishing any religion
Jus sanguinis
Principle of nationality law by which citizenship is determined or acquired by the nationality or ethnicity of one or both parents
Rational basis test
Test that is applied to constitutional challenges of both federal law and state law
Civil rights
Rights of fair status/treatment and right to participate in government
Indictment
Formal charge or accusation of a serious crime
Jus soli
Right of anyone born in the territory of a state to nationality or citizenship
Separate but equal doctrine
Policy that laws requiring separate facilities can be legal as long as the facilities are "equal"
Incorporation doctrine
Constitutional doctrine through which parts of the first ten amendments of the U.S. Constitution are made applicable to the states through the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment
Treason
The crime of betraying one's country, especially by attempting to kill the sovereign or overthrow the government
Naturalization
Process to become a U.S. citizen if you were born outside of the United States
Affirmative action
Policy to help underrepresented groups in education and employment by giving them sone preferences
De jure segregation
Legally allowed or enforced separation of groups of people
Suspect classification
Classification based on race/national origin