International Influence
A political, cultural, and literary movement of the 1930s-1950s that started with French-speaking Caribbean and African writers protesting colonialism and assimilation of Black people into European culture
Negritude
Discriminatory practice of withholding mortgages within a defined geographic area under the pretense of "hazardous" financial risk posed by communities of color
Redlining
Who are the Big Four
NAACP
CORE
SNCC
SCLC
This group of black students were sent to the formerly all-white Central High School in Little Rock, Ark. They were blocked from entering the school on the orders of Arkansas Governor Orval Fabus. President Eisenhower sent federal troops and the National Guard to intervene on behalf of the students, but a federal judge granted an injunction against the governor's use of National Guard troops to prevent integration. They were withdrawn on Sept. 20, 1957.
Who are the Little Rock Nine
In 1909, this organization was founded by a multi-racial group of activists in New York, N.Y. Initially, the group called themselves the National Negro Committee. Founders included Ida Wells and W.E.B. DuBois, the call to renew the struggle for civil and political liberty
This Latin American movement celebrated African contributions to Latin American music, folklore, literature, and art.
Negrismo
This case gave a broad interpretation of "equal but separate" accommodations with reference to "white and colored people" legitimizing "Jim Crow" practices throughout the South.
What is Plessy v. Ferguson
In 1960, four black university students from N.C. A&T University began a sit-in at a segregated F.W. Woolworth's lunch counter in this place. Although they were refused service, they were allowed to stay at the counter. The event triggered similar nonviolent protests throughout the South. Six months later, the original four protesters are served lunch at the same Woolworth's counter. Student sit-ins would be an effective tactic throughout the South in integrating parks, swimming pools, theaters, libraries and other public facilities.
What is Greensboro, NC
Not only encouraged African Americans to exercise their right to vote, but also their 2nd Amendment rights. Their emphasis on self-defense, dignity, and solidarity influenced the emergence of the political groups during the Black power movement.
Malcom X
This woman is known as the "Mother of the Civil Rights Movement" focused on grassroots organizing, such as SNCC.
Ella Baker
In 1960 also known as _________________ independence from European colonialism is declared, representing diasporic solidarity.
Year of Africa
He was an NAACP attorney who argued in the Brown v. Board of Education case and won. He later returned to the Supreme Court as the nation's first African-American Supreme Court justice.
Who is Thurgood Marshall
This movement is marked by the embracing and celebration of black features. Afrocentric aesthetics such as natural hairstyles, fashion, and Islamic naming practices are pushed and become more mainstream.
Black is Beautiful Movement
In 1963, more than 250,000 people join in this event. Congregating at the Lincoln Memorial, participants listened as Martin Luther King delivered his famous "I Have a Dream" speech.
What is the March on Washington
Name 3 different forms of nonviolent protesting
Sit-ins
Economic boycotts
Marches/rallies
Litigation
The fight for the end of fascism abroad and the end of segregation at home can be described as the _________.
The form of segregation is written into legislation at the local, state, or federal level.
De Jur segregation
Segregation that is driven not by legislation, but by society. An example is the concept of "white flight"
De Facto segregation
In 1960, this organization was founded at Shaw University in Raleigh, N.C., providing young blacks with a more prominent place in the civil rights movement. It later grew into a more radical organization under the leadership of Stokely Carmichael (1966-1967) and H. Rap Brown (1967-1998).
What is the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee/SNCC
President Johnson signed this Act in 1964. It was the most sweeping civil rights legislation since Reconstruction, and it prohibited discrimination of all kinds based on race, color, religion or national origin and transform American society.
What is the Civil Rights Act of 1964
It was added to the Constitution in 1964 to abolish the poll tax, which had originally been instituted in 11 southern states, making it difficult for blacks to vote.
The 24th Amendment
Inspired by Malcom X, this organization creates the Ten-Point-Program, outlining the means for freedom from oprression and imprisionment, access to housing, healthcare, education, and employment opportunities
The Black Panther Party
Under protection of a federalized National Guard, voting rights advocates left Selma on March 21, and stood 25,000 strong on March 25 before the state capitol in Montgomery. As a direct consequence of these events, the U.S. Congress passed this Act in 1965, guaranteeing every American 21 years old and over the right to register to vote.
What is the Voting Rights Act of 1965
It was organized in 1964 by the Council of Federated Organizations (COFO), a coalition of four civil rights organizations: The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC); the Congress on Racial Equality (CORE); the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC). The project was to carry out a unified voter registration program in the state of Mississippi.
Freedom Summer Project