A
What term is defined as the racial separation of public amenities or the separation of different races in society?
Segregation
Who refused to give up her seat on a bus in 1955 and was arrested for violating a segregation law?
Rosa Parks
What group, established in 1909, fought against segregation and discrimination?
NAACP (NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCMENT OF COLOURED PEOPLE)
What were the strict segregation laws in the southern states called?
Jim Crow Laws
What is the name for peaceful protest in which people violate laws they consider unfair or unconstitutional?
Civil disobedience
What was the name of the movement that aimed to end segregation in interstate transportation in 1961?
Freedom Riders
What group of students was admitted to Central High School in 1957, sparking a major confrontation over school desegregation?
Little Rock Nine
What form of non-violent protest involved students refusing to move from a dinner counter until they were served?
Sit-ins
The Montgomery Improvement Association (MIA) was formed in response to the arrest of Rosa Parks, and who was its first president?
Martin Luther King Junior
The Montgomery Bus Boycott was a success. What was the Supreme Court's ruling as a result of the boycott?
The Supreme Court ruled that segregation on buses was against the Constitution of the US.
What was the key finding of the commission that President Johnson ordered to investigate the cause of the 1960s riots?
The country was divided, along racial and socio-economic lines, into two societies.
What two major pieces of legislation were passed in 1964 and 1965 as a result of the Civil Rights Movement's efforts?
Civil Rights Act and Voting Rights Act
Martin Luther King Jr.'s philosophy of non-violent resistance was influenced by the policies of what leader?
Mahatma Ghandi
The Birmingham Campaign convinced President John F. Kennedy to support what kind of legislation?
Civil Rights legislation
What did African-Americans lose in the southern states due to new legislation and literacy tests?
Voting rights.
What was the protest on August 28, 1963, for which over 250,000 people attended, and where Martin Luther King Jr. gave his "I have a Dream" speech?
March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom
What event in March 1965, during a march from Selma to Montgomery, saw state troopers attack peaceful demonstrators with whips, batons, and tear gas?
Bloody Sunday
What was the goal of the Mississippi "Freedom Summer" in 1964?
A voter registration drive aimed at increasing the number of registered Black voters in Mississippi.
In what city did Rosa Parks refuse to give up her seat on a bus, which led to a year-long boycott that cost bus companies 65% of their revenue?
Montgomery
What did President Eisenhower do in 1957 to ensure the safety of the "Little Rock Nine" and compliance with the federal ruling on desegregation?
He called in federal troops.
In what year did the Supreme Court rule that segregation in the public education system was illegal?
1954.
What are the two organizations that Martin Luther King Jr. founded?
SNCC - Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee
MIA 0 Montgomery Improvement Association
SCLC - Southern Christian Leadership Conference
Legal and legislative victories did not immediately translate into social and economic transformation. What was a persistent issue for the majority of black people?
The majority of black people remained poorly educated and in low-paying jobs.Over 40% of black people remained below the poverty line.
According to the Declaration of Independence, what are the "certain unalienable rights" that all men are endowed with?
Life, liberty and the persuit of happiness.
Stokley Carmichael's quote signals a shift in the movement. What new phrase did he say they would "start saying now" instead of "freedom"?
Black Power