Before 1950
Jim Crow Laws
laws that made SEGREGATION of black people LEGAL in the USA
segregation in schools, public transportation (buses, trains…) restaurants, bathrooms, etc… lasted for over 100 years after the Civil War.
Brown vs Board of Education
the court case won by Thurgood Marshall that ended segregation in schools
The Civil Rights Leader who led the march on Washington
Dr. Martin Luther King
Define Boycott
the act of refusing to buy or use the services of an organization as a form of protest
the purpose is to bring about a change
Define "Separate but Equal"
the decision by the Supreme Court, in 1896,that said the separation of races was fair as long as they were equal (separate bathrooms, schools, water fountains, etc…)
Harlem Renaissance
movement during the 1920s and 1930s that celebrated African American life through writing, drama, music, visual arts and dance
Little Rock Nine
nine teenagers who were the first African American students to desegregate Little Rock's Central High School.
Became the first Black Supreme Court Justice of the Supreme Court
Thurgood Marshall
Define Racism
the belief that certain races of people are superior to others
a prejudice or discrimination of a person or group because of their racial group (white, black or African American, Asian, American Indian…)
Racism
the belief that certain races of people are superior to others and using that as an excuse to treat people unfairly
Plessy vs Ferguson
The Supreme Court ruling in 1896 that said "separate but equal" was fair
Montgomery Bus Boycott
Refused to give up her seat on a bus that started the Montgomery Bus Boycott
Rosa Parks
Civil Rights
personal rights guaranteed and protected by the US Constitution and laws passed by Congress
a person cannot be discriminated against based on their skin color, gender, religion…
Stereotype
an assumption about what someone will do or how they will behave based on the social groups they belong to such as race, religion, gender, ability, culture, etc…
Tuskegee Airmen
African American pilots and their helpers who helped us win World War 2
Lunch Counter Sit Ins
The Greensboro sit-in was a civil rights protest when young African American students staged a sit-in at a segregated Woolworth's lunch counter in Greensboro, North Carolina, and refused to leave after being denied service. The sit-in movement soon spread to college towns throughout the South.
the first Black military aviators in the U.S. Army Air Corps
Tuskegee Airmen
protest
a complaint or objection against an idea, an act, or a way of doing things.
What is the difference between segregation and integration
Segregation: the official practice of keeping people apart usually because of their race, gender, religion…(separate water fountains, bathrooms, etc…)
Integration: uniting (bringing together) people of different races in order to give people equal rights
The amendment that said all citizens, even former slaves, have their rights protected
14th amendment
Birmingham Children's Crusade
thousands of black children ages 7-18, joined peaceful protests around the city of Birmingham, Alabama. Many were hurt by segregationists (people who wanted to keep white and black people separate) and many of them were thrown in jail. Despite these reactions these young people bravely continued their protests.
at age 6 she integrated an elementary school in the south
Ruby Bridges
Civil Rights Movement
A social movement, from around 1954 -1968, whose goal was to gain equal rights for African Americans. It was famous for using peaceful protests like boycotts, sit-ins, and protest marches.
How are discrimination and prejudice different?
Prejudice: judging or having an idea about someone or a group of people before you actually know them
prejudice is often directed toward people of a certain race, religion, gender, ability, culture, etc…
Discrimination: the unfair treatment of one person or a group of people because of their race, religion, gender, ability, culture, etc…