Terms part 1
What was the Emancipation Proclamation?
declared that all slaves should be set free in places under Confederate control
does not impact border states or areas under Union control (to keep everyone happy/with the Union)
What was the Anaconda Plan?
1. surround the Confederacy by sea and by land blockades
2. take control of the Mississippi River to cut Confederate forces in two,
3. ambush and surround the Confederacy and their capital (Richmond VA)
What Battle became the bloodiest day in US History and gave Lincoln the chance to announce the Emancipation Proclamation?
Battle of Antietam
Who was Abraham Lincoln?
16th President of the United States.
Opposed the expansion of slavery
A Republican
Led the Union during the Civil War
Technological/weapons advancements
The weapons became much deadlier, more accurate, and longer distance (Ex: Minnie Bullet)
Naval advancements (Ex: Ironclad)
What is total war?
a war that is unrestricted in terms of the weapons used, the territory or combatants involved, or the objectives pursued
Name three Union advantages
More people
More factories (used to make weapons)
More railroad tracks
More telegraph wires
What was the Battle where Grant captured a key city on the Mississippi River?
Battle of Vicksburg
Who was John Wilkes Booth?
Killed Abraham Lincoln
Hated Lincoln (had already tried and failed to abduct him)
Was shot and killed a couple days after the assassination
Photography
Picture resulted in protests against the war (exposed horrors of war)
What is Martial Law
emergency rule by military authorities and some of a citizen’s rights are suspended
Lincoln used this in Kentucky to maintain control of the pro-slavery state
Where did the General Lee surrender?
Appotamax Court House
What was the biggest Battle of the Civil War, took place inside the Union and was a turning point in the war?
Battle of Gettysburg
Who was Matthew Brady?
Civil War photographer
The first photographer to give photo documentation of a war
Showed the horrors of war to everyone for the first time
Equality
Emancipation Proclamation (all slaves in the Confederacy would be free)
War would become about Slavery now
Women picked up a lot of jobs that were primarily held by men up until this point
Rich people could pay people to take their spot for service, both poor americans and immigrants couldn't do that
Where did the main Draft Riot in the Union take place?
New York City
Describe what happened in the election of 1864?
Lincoln was afraid he would lose the election so he took up Andrew Johnson (Democrat from Tennessee) as his VP
Opposing him was General George McClellan
Lincoln easily defeats McClellan after Sherman's capture of Atlanta
What was an important naval battle involving Ironclads?
Battle of Hampton Road
Who was William Sherman?
General of the Union Army in the West (Georgia area)
Captured Atlanta to help Lincoln’s 1964 campaign
March to the Sea campaign
Total War
Expansion of federal power over states
during the war, the national government was forced to take powers that few Americans would have granted it (suspension of Habeas Corpus, Martial Law, Emancipation proclamation)
Greater expansion of federal power over states
What was the Morill Land Grant?
The land grant gave 30,000 acres to state senators to sell specifically for education
This was to promote higher education (very limited in rural America)
What was the Homestead Act?
Would provide acres of cheap land to anyone who agreed to farm the land
Help develop West and economic growth
What was the first battle of the Civil War featuring "Stonewall" Jackson called?
Battle of Bull Run
What were Dorathea Dix's contributions to the Civil War?
Superintendent of Nurses
Helped both Union and Confederate Soldiers
Did not found the American Red Cross (Barton)
Economic effects
Northern Economy was booming
The South, on the other hand, was devastated financially. Cities and plantations were destroyed. The economy collapsed (Blockade, Foreign powers not helping, Cities, towns and plantations destroyed)