Westward Expansion
This 1887 law broke up traditional tribal lands and granted individual ownership, usually 160 acres per family, to force Native Americans to assimilate.
What is the Dawes Act?
The North (industrial/free labor) and South (agrarian/slave labor) had differing systems that served as this type of cause for the Civil War.
What are economic causes?
This political group wanted an aggressive Reconstruction plan to punish the South and guarantee full rights for freedmen.
Who are the Radical Republicans?
This Reconstruction amendment permanently abolished slavery and involuntary servitude in the United States.
What is the 13th Amendment?
Abraham Lincoln issued this executive order in 1863, declaring free all enslaved people held in Confederate-controlled territory.
What is the Emancipation Proclamation?
This policy was created primarily to remove Native Americans from desirable land so white settlers and railroads could move in.
What is the Reservation System?
The Missouri Compromise, Compromise of 1850, and Kansas-Nebraska Act all focused on this issue in newly expanded western territories.
What is allowing slavery?
This President favored a much more lenient reunification plan for the Southern states after the Civil War.
Who is Andrew Johnson?
This amendment guaranteed equal protection under the law and granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the U.S.
What is the 14th Amendment?
Lincoln delivered this famous short speech to dedicate a national cemetery and redefine the Civil War as a struggle for human equality.
What is the Gettysburg Address?
Under this law, any adult citizen could receive 160 acres of free federal public land by paying a small fee and meeting specific conditions.
What is the Homestead Act?
This landmark Supreme Court decision worsened sectional tensions by ruling that Congress could not prohibit slavery in the territories, confirmed African-Americans were not citizens, and could not sue in court.
What is the Dred Scott Decision?
Immediately after the war, the Republican Party experienced severe conflict over the rules for readmitting these back into the Union.
What are the Southern states?
This amendment explicitly protected citizens' right to vote regardless of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
What is the 15th Amendment?
Established by Congress in 1865, this federal agency provided food, housing, medical care, and schools for formerly enslaved people and poor whites.
What is the Freedmen's Bureau?
To fully claim land under the Homestead Act, citizens had to live on and improve the land for this many years.
What is 5 years?
By ruling that Congress had no power to ban slavery in territories, the Dred Scott Decision effectively invalidated this concept.
What is popular sovereignty?
Radical Republicans fought to guarantee both civil rights and these specific rights for freedmen.
What are political rights?
Southern states bypassed the 15th Amendment by implementing these non-racial voter restriction tests.
What are literacy tests and poll taxes?
This was the derogatory term used by Southerners to describe Northerners who moved to the South during Reconstruction to seek political or economic gain.
Who are Carpetbaggers?
The Dawes Act explicitly aimed to achieve this social goal by forcing Native Americans to blend into white American culture.
What is assimilation?
A major political consequence of the Union victory was permanently settling the question of secession and strengthening this authority over individual states.
What is the federal government's authority?
The primary post-war political battle in Congress pitted Andrew Johnson's lenient policies directly against this group's harsh policies.
Who are the Radical Republicans?
Southern states required formerly enslaved people to pay a mandatory fee before casting a ballot to bypass this specific Reconstruction amendment.
What is the 15th Amendment
Designed by General Winfield Scott, this Union military strategy aimed to defeat the Confederacy by blockading Southern ports and controlling the Mississippi River.
What is the Anaconda Plan?