Civil War

Generals

100

Two part answer. First, this was the American general who led the Confederate Army during the Civil War. He was an aggressive fighter and risk-taker, which brought him many victories throughout the Civil War, though perhaps lead to his eventual defeat and the end of his offensive campaign into the North at Gettysburg in 1863. Second, this was a Confederate General who was the principal subordinate to the first answer. Not remembered well in the South because of his active support for Reconstruction after the war, sometimes blamed for loss at Gettysburg, even though he tried to talk Lee out of ordering Pickett's charge on the fateful third day of the battle. (Hint: aka "old war horse")

Who is Robert E. Lee and James Longstreet?

200

Two part answer. First, this was the ultimate commander of the Union Army in the Civil War. He first won fame in the Western theatre, but he is most famous for leading the final conquest of Virginia and the destruction of Lee’s army in 1864-65. Second, this was the timid Union general, who was eventually fired by Abraham Lincoln because of his reluctance to get out and fight in battles. This hesitation is especially apparent in Antietam/ Sharpsburg, where he waited eighteen hours after finding Robert E Lee’s mislaid battle plan to intercept the Confederate troops. He was routinely out-generaled by Robert E. Lee who beat back his invasion during the Peninsula Campaign of 1862.

Who is Ulysses S. Grant and George McClellan?

300

This was a Union Army general in the American Civil War who conducted successful campaigns in North Carolina and East Tennessee but was defeated in the disastrous Battle of Fredericksburg. Was appointed commander of the Union armies in an attempt to correct for McClellan’s timidity earlier in the war. However, he proved to be overly aggressive and unimaginative in combat, resulting in multiple failed charges at Fredericksburg that ended in a terrible union defeat and his removal from command. (Hint: he was named after something)

Who is Ambrose Burnside?

400

This was a general in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War whose troops at the first Battle of Bull Run stood like a stone wall. Next to Lee, he was the most famous and effective Southern general of the war. He was killed at the Battle of Chancellorsville in 1863.

Who is Stonewall Jackson?

500

This was perhaps the most experienced Southern officer at the start of the war. He saw extensive combat during his military career, fighting actions in the Texas War of Independence, the Mexican-American War, the Utah War (against Indians,) and the American Civil War. He was killed in the Battle of Shiloh.

Who is Albert Sidney Johnson?

Battles Part I

100

This was the final battle of the Civil War, that's extensive use of trench warfare and its relative stalemate through the winter of 1864-65 made it look more like World War I. The fall of the town in the spring of 1865 severed the last rail link to Richmond and forced the Confederates to abandon the city. A few days later Lee surrendered to Grant at Appomattox Courthouse, VA.

What is Petersburg 1864-5?

200

This was the first battle of the Civil War, Union invaded the Confederacy (Virginia), Union army was undisciplined → Confederacy won, demonstrated to Union and Confederacy that the war would be longer and bloodier than previously thought.

What is First Bull Run (aka First Manassas)?

300

This was the battle when Union forces, led by McClellan were attempting to capture Richmond via a march up the James peninsula, but were soundly defeated (despite being outnumbered) by the Army of Northern Virginia (led by Robert E. Lee) over Seven days of fighting. Ended the second northern attempt to invade Virginia.

What is The 7 Days before Richmond?

400

This was “First engagement between ironclad ships; fought at Hampton Roads, Virginia on March 9, 1862” – Foner. Revolutionized the idea of naval warfare for the rest of the Civil War and wars in the future. Between the Monitor (Union vessel) and the Merrimack (Confederate vessel - called the CSS Virginia by Confederates). The conflict also represented the Union’s industrial advantage over the Confederacy, as the Merrimac was scuttled afterward when a union army captured its homeport of Hampton Roads, and the South lacked the resources to produce additional ironclad ships.

What is The Monitor and The Merrimac?

500

*Double Jeopardy* Two part answer. The first battle was the battle Battle that took place in Sharpsburg Maryland, which resulted in a victory for the Union Army. The single bloodiest day of the Civil War, while the battle was inconclusive, the north declared victory because the Confederate Army retreated from western Maryland. Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation as a direct result of the perceived Union victory in this battle. The second battle was an extremely bloody battle between Generals Grant and A.S. Johnson in the western theatre. While the South won the first day, Grant was reinforced overnight and won a victory on the second day. The bloodiest battle up to that point, not only did this battle demonstrate what a serious war this would be in which, but it also gave the Union major control of western Tennessee.

What is Antietam (aka Sharpsburg) and Shiloh (aka Pittsburgh Landing)?

Battles Part II

100

This was a three-day battle (July 1-3, 1863) that was fought in southern Pennsylvania and resulted in a crushing Confederate defeat. Lee, without his cavalry to scout for him (because JEB Stuart was riding around Pennsylvania stealing and lighting stuff on fire) but fresh off his victories in Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville, stumbled into a battle where (unusually) he did not have the advantage of high ground. While he was forced to be the attacker instead of the entrenched defender, Lee still thought that his Army of Northern Virginia could not be beaten. His overconfidence lead to a massive loss of Confederate forces, which the South lacked the resources to replace. However, Union general George Meade’s did not finish off the retreating Confederates, which lead to Lincoln firing Meade and the appointment of Ulysses S. Grant as commander of the Union armies, as Lincoln knew Grant would not hold back.

What is Gettysburg?

200

This was the battle of the fall of Vicksburg Mississippi to Union Army Forces (under the direction of Ulysses S. Grant) after two months of siege. This battle was essential because the Union gained uninterrupted control of the Mississippi river and thus split the Confederacy in two.

What is Vicksburg?

300

This battle was a massive defeat for the North. Union soldiers repeatedly attempted to charge entrenched Southern positions and they were repeatedly beaten back with massive casualties.

What is Fredericksburg?

400

Two part answer. The first was a battle that was meant to blockade Southern ports and roads so as to deny them of trade and thus choke off the war effort like a snake might choke a mouse. The second was the battle that took place in Northern Virginia on May 1st-4th 1863 and resulted in Robert E. Lee’s greatest victory as he took tremendous risks that worked perfectly, but also the unfortunate death of general “Stonewall” Jackson.

What is The Anaconda Plan and Chancellorsville?

500

*Triple Jeopardy* Three part answer. The first was one of the last great victories of the Confederacy in 1864. Like Fredericksburg, union forces repeatedly charged entrenched Confederate lines, resulting in terrific carnage. The second battle was onfederate General John Bell Hood versus Union General William Tecumseh Sherman. Union victory took the “second capital” of the South and an essential railroad junction. The victory in Atlanta in the summer of 1864 suggested that the war was almost over and helped Lincoln get reelected. The third was Sherman's next battle. After defeating Hood, Sherman engaged in a brutal march of conquest through Georgia. Sherman’s men went to great lengths to burn, loot and destroy the southern heartland. The destruction served as punishment to these states in rebellion, and Sherman’s forces extensively damaged South Carolina, to make an example of the state that had been so quick to oppose the federal government.

What is Cold Harbor, The Siege of Atlanta, and Sherman's March to the Sea?

Terms

100

This was an executive order issued by Abraham Lincoln on September 22nd, 1862 that freed all slaves living in states that were engaged in rebellion against the union. Because it only effected “states in rebellion,” slaves in Kentucky, Maryland, Missouri and Delaware were not freed.

What is the Emancipation Proclamation?

200

These were run-away slaves. These slaves were kept as “contraband of war” by the North, which put a dent in the South’s war effort by stealing their source of labor.

What are the contrabands?

300

These were pro-southern northerners. Typically Democrats, they oppssed the war and even actively supported the southerners.

What are copperheads?

400

Part of the Republican Platform, these colleges states that free land would be give for the development of A&M colleges (Agriculture and Manufacturing).

What are land grant colleges?

500

Two part answer. The first was a phrase that meant that the Supreme Court upheld the government's right to defy the provisions of the Constitution during times of national crisis. The second meant "to have the body" - relates to idea of due process and rights to have a trial (from constitution) rather than the government simply keeping you in prison indefinitely. This Constitutional right was violated during the Civil War, along with others, in a temporary limitation of civil liberties during that time.

What is Ex Parte Milligan and Habeus Corpus?

People

100

This was a Democratic Congressman and one of the most famous Northern copperheads. He was ultimately deported to the south.

Who is Clement Vallandingham?

200

This was the radical republican who lead the radical faction in the House of Representatives.

Who was Thaddeus Stevens?

300

This was a radical Republican who lead the radical faction in the Senate.

Who was Charles Sumner?

400

This was a nurse during the Civil War, creator of the American National Red Cross, women’s suffrage activist, she is an example of a woman who entered the public sphere during the Civil War.

Who was Clara Barton?

500

This was a famous photographer during the Civil War who took photos of after battle. “found the conflict a passport to fame and wealth.” Many of the most famous Civil War photos were taken by him.

Who was Matthew Brady?