Concept & A&P
CKD and ESRD are exemplars of what concept?
What is elimination.
What laboratory value is primarily used to stage chronic kidney disease?
What is the eGFR.
What peripheral assessment finding is indicative of fluid overload in CKD patients?
What is edema.
What is the preferred access method for long-term hemodialysis?
What is an AV fistula.
What age group is most at risk for developing chronic kidney disease?
What is older adults.
This class of medications are prescribed to clients with CKD and hypertension to decrease cardiovascular events?
What is ace inhibitors.
ESRD is what stage of chronic kidney disease?
What is stage 5.
Which condition is characterized by an increased protein level in urine?
What is proteinuria.
Syndrome characterized by mental status changes and can include seizures or coma due to rapid changes in blood chemistry during dialysis?
What is dialysis disequilibrium syndrome.
What is the key nursing intervention to monitor during hemodialysis?
What is vital signs.
This population is disproportionately affected by end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in the U.S.?
What is African Americans (black).
The client prescribed sevelamer should be taught to report symptoms of muscle weakness, slow or irregular pulse, or confusion because these are symptoms of what?
What is hypophosphatemia.
Functional unit of the kidney?
What is a nephron.
In severe CKD, the nurse expects the BUN levels to be elevated, but less than those who are not restricting what?
What is protein.
Uremia is ___________ with symptoms.
What is azotemia.
What are 2 key nursing assessments when caring for an AV fistula?
What is auscultate for a bruit and palpate for a thrill.
What is a common complication of CKD in pediatric patients?
What is growth retardation/failure.
What is a key teaching point for clients newly prescribed ferrous sulfate?
What is remind patients to take a stool softener daily as this medication can cause constipation.
or
What is remind patients that this medication can change the color of stool darker, or even black.
Structure in the nephron that is responsible for filtration?
What is a glomerulus.
In severe CKD what 2 lab values are used to determine the presence and degree of uremiea?
What is creatinine and BUN.
The nurse understands that what types of medications are typically given after dialysis instead of before to because they can contribute to hypotension during dialysis?
What is antihypertensive.
What is the primary goal of nursing care for patients with CKD regardless of the treatment setting?
What is to prevent complications.
The most common cause of CKD in children?
What is renal congenital anomalies (birth defects).
What is the name of the medication used to manage hyperkalemia in CKD?
What is sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kalexate).
The problems that occur with kidney function loss are related to disturbances of what 2 interrelated concepts?
What is fluid and electrolyte balance and fluid and acid base balance.
What are the 2 main causes of CKD leading to dialysis or kidney transplantation?
What is hypertension and diabetes mellitus.
5 key features of uremia?
What is metallic taste in the mouth, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, muscle cramps, uremic frost on skin, fatigue and lethargy, hiccups, edema, dyspnea, paresthesias.
What is the typical duration for a single exchange of automated peritoneal dialysis?
What is 8-10 hours.
What is a significant risk factor for pregnant women with CKD?
What is preeclampsia.
A client is prescribed epoetin alfa injections what laboratory result is important to monitor drug effectiveness and safety?
What is hemoglobin.