Earth Science Basics
What is geology?
A. Study of plants and animals
B. Study of Earth, what it’s made of, and how it changes
C. Study of weather
D. Study of oceans
B. Study of Earth, what it’s made of, and how it changes
Which layer is hot, dense rock that slowly moves?
A. Crust
B. Mantle
C. Inner core
D. Outer core
B. Mantle
Rock formed from cooled magma or lava:
A. Sedimentary
B. Metamorphic
C. Igneous
D. Fossil
C. Igneous
What does deposit mean?
A. Remove
B. Leave behind
C. Melt
D. Break apart
B. Leave behind
Which three words are most important in geology?
A. Wind, water, land
B. Heat, pressure, time
C. Rock, sand, soil
D. Lava, magma, ash
B. Heat, pressure, time
What evidence supports the idea that continents were once connected?
A. Ocean waves
B. Matching fossils on different continents
C. Tsunamis
D. Volcanoes
B. Matching fossils on different continents
Which layer is liquid metal?
A. Crust
B. Mantle
C. Inner core
D. Outer core
D. Outer core
Rock formed from bits of material pressed together:
A. Igneous
B. Metamorphic
C. Sedimentary
D. Lava
C. Sedimentary
Which sentence uses exert correctly?
A. I exerted asleep.
B. She exerted a feeling.
C. He exerted effort to climb the hill.
D. The exert was loud.
C. He exerted effort to climb the hill.
How old are the oldest Grand Canyon rocks?
A. 230 million years
B. 5 million years
C. 2 billion years
D. 10 thousand years
C. 2 billion years
Which layer of Earth is thin, rocky, and covered by land or water?
A. Mantle
B. Outer core
C. Inner core
D. Crust
D. Crust
What forms when one plate slides under another?
A. Seafloor spreading
B. Ocean trench
C. Mountain range
D. Plateau
B. Ocean trench
Rocks changed by heat and pressure are called:
A. Igneous
B. Sedimentary
C. Magma
D. Metamorphic
D. Metamorphic
What does firsthand mean?
A. Heard from someone else
B. Read in a book
C. Experienced personally
D. Imagined
C. Experienced personally
Geologists usually think about time in:
A. Days
B. Years
C. Hundreds of years
D. Millions of years
D. Millions of years
How can tectonic plates move?
A. Melt and freeze
B. Slide past or pull apart
C. Sink and float
D. Crack and dissolve
B. Slide past or pull apart
What natural events can plate movement cause?
A. Hurricanes
B. Floods
C. Earthquakes and tsunamis
D. Blizzards
C. Earthquakes and tsunamis
A volcano that hasn’t erupted in over 10,000 years is:
A. Active
B. Dormant
C. Extinct
D. Explosive
C. Extinct
⭐DAILY DOUBLE!
What does fault mean in geology?
A. A mistake
B. A crack in Earth’s crust
C. A mountain
D. A low area
B. A crack in Earth’s crust
Where is the oldest rock layer found?
A. Upper rim
B. Middle layer
C. Inner gorge
D. Riverbed
C. Inner gorge
What causes volcanoes to form at plate boundaries or hotspots?
A. Wind erosion
B. Pressure and heat pushing magma upward
C. Cooling ocean water
D. Sediment buildup
B. Pressure and heat pushing magma upward
What explains continents slowly moving over time?
A. Erosion
B. Weathering
C. Continental drift
D. Deposition
C. Continental drift
How does erosion change rocks?
A. Melts them
B. Breaks them into smaller pieces
C. Turns them into lava
D. Moves plates
B. Breaks them into smaller pieces
What is a subduction zone?
A. Where rivers meet
B. Where lava cools
C. Where one plate slides under another
D. Where fossils form
C. Where one plate slides under another
Is the Grand Canyon fully formed?
A. Yes, long ago
B. Yes, recently
C. No, it is still forming
D. Scientists don’t know
C. No, it is still forming