Lakota Sioux
This animal was central to Lakota life on the Great PLains and provided food, shelter and tools.
Buffalo
What major food source for California Tribes had to be processed before eating because it is so bitter raw?
Acorns
During which war did the Navajo Code Talkers serve using their language to send secret messages?
WW2: World War II
What year did the Battle of Little Bighorn take place?
1876
In what year did Wounded Knee Massacre occur?
1890
Name one of the seven sacred ceremonies the Lakota learned from the White Buffalo Calf Woman
Vision quest, sacred pipe ceremony, sun dance, sweat lodge, keeping of soul, preparing a girl for womanhood
any one
What was the type of boat used by Southern California tribes?
canoes, plank canoes or tomol
Why was the Navajo language especially useful as a military code?
Navajo is complex, descriptive, and hard for non-natives to learn.
The sounds and syllables made it hard to break
Who was the US Army leader who died at the Battle?
General Custer
What was the event that sparked feat among the US Army before the attack at Wounded Knee?
The Ghost Dance
What change did the Indian Appropriations Act 1871 bring?
After 1871, tribes are not treated as independent nations
Who is Ishi and why is he remembered?
Ishi was the last of the Yahi people to come out of the wilderness. He taught the language and customs of his people.
How many Navajo men first trained as Code Talkers? (original group)
29 (original group)
What was the main reason so many Lakota were gathered near the Little Bighorn River?
The Lakota had gathered for a Sun Dance. Many Lakota wanted to be close to Sitting Bull.
Who was the leader of the group intercepted and later massacred at Wounded Knee?
Spotted Elk
Who were the major leaders for the Sioux in the Battle of Little Bighorn?
Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull
What is one major effect of the California Gold Rush?
Pushed tribes off land, caused violence, and spread disease
How did the Code Talkers use everyday Navajo words to represent military terms?
Assigned Navajo words to military items: tortoise=tank, egg=bomb
What was one of Custer's mistakes that led to Custer's Last Stand the defeat of the US Army?
Custer split his forces. He underestimated the Lakota numbers. He attacked without the scouts information.
What is one reason the US soldiers opened firer on the Lakota camp?
They heard a gunshot. They told the Lakota to put down their weapons, and some didn't. They thought the Lakota were planning to start another war.
How did horses change life for man Plains tribes?
Horses made hunting, travel, and warfare easier and faster
Horses helped follow buffalos easier
Why did many California tribes lose their population after the European and American settlers arrived?
Disease, violence and massacres, forced relocation to missions/reservations
What is the story about Joe Kieyoomia? Why did it show the Navajo code was a strong code?
Joe was a Navajo prisoner, but could still not decode messages because the Code Talkers used a code along with the Navajo language.
What was the result for the Lakota and their victory at Little Bighorn?
It was the last major Lakota victory in the war.
Explain how the Dawes Act hurt and broke the Native American tribes?
It separated the tribes into individuals. It cut off the tribe's connection to the land. Many Native Americans could not farm the land because the soil was so bad. It took away their history, stories, and community.