Anatomy
1. Which chamber of the heart pumps oxygenated blood to the body?
A) Right atrium
B) Right ventricle
C) Left atrium
D) Left ventricle
Left ventricle
1. Which type of epithelium is specialized for diffusion and is found in the alveoli of the lungs?
A) Simple cuboidal epithelium
B) Simple squamous epithelium
C) Stratified squamous epithelium
D) Transitional epithelium
Simple squamous epithelium
1. During which week of development does gastrulation occur?
A) First week
B) Second week
C) Third week
D) Fourth week
Third week
1. Which lobe of the brain is primarily responsible for voluntary motor control?
A) Parietal lobe
B) Frontal lobe
C) Temporal lobe
D) Occipital lobe
Frontal lobe
1. Which molecule is the main energy currency of the cell?
A) NADH
B) FADH₂
C) ATP
D) cAMP
ATP
2. What is the largest bone in the human body?
A) Tibia
B) Femur
C) Humerus
D) Pelvis
Femur
2. Which connective tissue cell is primarily responsible for producing collagen fibers?
A) Macrophage
B) Mast cell
C) Fibroblast
D) Plasma cell
Fibroblast
2. Which structure gives rise to the central nervous system?
A) Neural crest
B) Neural tube
C) Notochord
D) Somites
Neural tube
2. Which structure connects the two cerebral hemispheres?
A) Thalamus
B) Internal capsule
C) Corpus callosum
D) Brainstem
Corpus callosum
2. Which enzyme catalyzes the conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate in glycolysis?
A) Phosphofructokinase-1
B) Hexokinase
C) Pyruvate kinase
D) Glucose-6-phosphatase
Hexokinase
3. Which part of the brain is responsible for balance and coordination?
A) Cerebrum
B) Medulla oblongata
C) Cerebellum
D) Hypothalamus
Cerebellum
3. What type of cartilage is found in the intervertebral discs?
A) Hyaline cartilage
B) Elastic cartilage
C) Fibrocartilage
D) Calcified cartilage
Fibrocartilage
3. The notochord primarily contributes to the formation of which adult structure?
A) Spinal cord
B) Vertebral body
C) Nucleus pulposus of intervertebral discs
D) Meninges
Nucleus pulposus of intervertebral discs
3. The basal nuclei are primarily involved in:
A) Visual processing
B) Regulation of movement
C) Memory formation
D) Hormone secretion
Regulation of movement
3. Which vitamin is a precursor of NAD⁺ and NADP⁺?
A) Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)
B) Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)
C) Vitamin B3 (Niacin)
D) Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)
Vitamin B3 (Niacin)
4. What type of joint is the shoulder joint?
A) Hinge joint
B) Pivot joint
C) Ball-and-socket joint
D) Saddle joint
Ball-and-socket joint
4. Which muscle tissue is characterized by striations and voluntary control?
A) Cardiac muscle
B) Smooth muscle
C) Skeletal muscle
D) Visceral muscle
Skeletal muscle
4. Which germ layer forms the epithelial lining of the gastrointestinal tract?
A) Ectoderm
B) Endoderm
C) Mesoderm
D) Neural crest
Endoderm
4. Which cranial nerve is responsible for most parasympathetic innervation of thoracic and abdominal organs?
A) Trigeminal nerve (CN V)
B) Facial nerve (CN VII)
C) Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)
D) Vagus nerve (CN X)
Vagus nerve (CN X)
4. Where does the electron transport chain take place in eukaryotic cells?
A) Cytoplasm
B) Nucleus
C) Inner mitochondrial membrane
D) Outer mitochondrial membrane
Inner mitochondrial membrane
5. Which organ is primarily responsible for filtering blood?
A) Liver
B) Heart
C) Lungs
D) Kidneys
Kidneys
5. Which layer of the skin contains the stratum basale?
A) Dermis
B) Hypodermis
C) Epidermis
D) Reticular layer
Epidermis
5. The placenta is mainly formed from which fetal structure?
A) Yolk sac
B) Amnion
C) Chorion frondosum
D) Allantois
Chorion frondosum
5. Which part of the brainstem contains the respiratory and cardiovascular control centers?
A) Midbrain
B) Pons
C) Medulla oblongata
D) Diencephalon
Medulla oblongata
5. Which amino acid contains a sulfhydryl (-SH) group in its side chain?
A) Serine
B) Methionine
C) Cysteine
D) Valine
Cysteine