Newton's Laws & Forces
Newton's first law is also called the law of:
Inertia
The rotational analogue of force.
Torque
The energy associated with motion is called this.
Kinetic Energy
Momentum equals mass multiplied by this.
The slope of a position-time graph represents this.
Velocity
The net force on an object equals this product.
ma
The moment of inertia depends on mass and this.
Distribution relative to the axis (distance squared).
Work is defined as the dot product of force and this quantity.
Displacement
Impulse equals this integral.
∫ F dt
This kinematic variable is the derivative of velocity.
Acceleration
On a free body diagram, this force always points perpendicular to a surface.
The normal force
For rolling without slipping, v=ω× this.
Radius
The area under a force–distance graph represents this.
Work
In an isolated system, this vector quantity is conserved.
Momentum
A projectile's vertical velocity is 0 at this point.
The maximum height
For an elevator accelerating downward, this apparent force decreases.
Apparent weight
The net torque equals the time derivative of this quantity.
Angular Momentum
The mechanical energy of a system is conserved when these types of forces are absent.
Non-conservative forces
In a perfectly inelastic collision, this property of the final objects must be equal.
They stick together and share the same final velocity.
For constant acceleration, this equation relates vf2, vi2, a, and Δx.
v2 = v02 + 2aΔx
Give the condition under which tension is the same on both sides of a rope over a pulley.
Massless, frictionless pulley and rope with no slack (ideal rope).
Name the theorem that relates moments of inertia about parallel axes.
Parallel-Axis Theorem
State the condition under which the work–energy theorem applies.
Always — it is a statement of energy change due to net work (applies regardless of path).
A collision is elastic if these two quantities are both conserved.
Momentum & Kinetic Energy
Give the condition when average velocity equals instantaneous velocity.
Constant acceleration